【摘要】 以自然界中常见的6种花色素即花青素、花翠素、锦葵色素、天竺葵色素、芍药色素和矮牵牛色素为例,该文综述了关于花色素颜色呈现和稳定性构效关系的主要成果。花色素颜色呈现和稳定性在根本上由花色素的化学和空间结构结构决定。花色素的缺电子状态、羟基化和甲基化模式尤其是B环的羟基化和甲基化以及三环的共面性独立地或协同地、正和/或负地影响花色素颜色呈现和稳定性。其中,花色苷的活体颜色呈现也与花色素的器官选择性的、和晶态或花色苷液泡包涵体相关的存在状态有关。该综述可为花色素的结构优化和功能探究、也可为含特定花色苷模式的作物和品种选择提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the six common anthocyanidins in nature, i.e. cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, peonidin and petunidin, as examples, this paper summarized the main achievements about the structure-activity relationships of the coloration and stability of anthocyanidins. The coloration and stability of anthocyanidins are fundamentally determined by the chemical and spatial structures of the anthocyanidins. The electron-deficient state, hydroxylation and methylation patterns, especially the ones on the B-ring, and coplanarity of the three rings of anthocyanidins are independently or synergetically, positively and/or negatively, influence the coloration and stability of the anthocyanidins. Thereinto, the in vivo colorations of anthocyanins are also related to the organ-selective and crystal- or anthocyanic vacuolar inclusionrelated existence of the anthocyanidins. This review could provide a reference for the researches of the structure-optimizing and function-exploiting of anthocyanidins and also for the selection of the crops and cultivars containing specific anthocyanidin profiles.更多还原