【摘要】 依靠电荷或磁荷的机械运动产生电磁辐射的机械天线，因在资源勘探、对潜通信、水下通信和导航定位等领域具有极为广泛的应用前景，已成为通信、天线、材料、机械等领域的研究热点。独特的机械-电磁耦合激励方式，使得机械天线有望突破传统天线的物理尺寸限制，解决现有长波天线系统体积庞大、辐射效率低等问题，提高低频无线通信的灵活性和经济性。首先，介绍了机械天线的机械-电磁耦合机理，详细阐述了机械天线的分类、特性、研究方法和动态；然后，基于低频无线通信的现状，探讨了实现机械天线应用急需解决的关键问题与挑战；最后，介绍了该领域在提升磁电式机械天线灵活性和辐射能力等方面的关键技术进展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mechanical antenna(MA), which depends on the mechanical motion of charge or magnetic charge to generate electromagnetic radiation, has become a research hotspot in communication, antenna, materials, machinery, and other fields because of its wide application prospects in resource exploration, submarine communication, underwater communication, and navigation and positioning. The unique mechanical-electromagnetic coupling excitation method was expected to render MA capable of breaking through the physical size limitations of traditional antennas, solve the problems of large vo-lume and low radiation efficiency of the existing long-wave antenna system, and improve the flexibility and economy of low-frequency wireless communication. Firstly, the mechanical-electromagnetic coupling mechanism of MA was introduced, and its classification, characteristics, research methods and dynamics were detailed. And then, based on the current situation of low-frequency wireless communication, the key problems and challenges that call for urgent solution for realizing the application of MA were discussed. Finally, the key technological advances in enhancing the flexibility and radiation capability of magnetoelectric antenna were introduced.更多还原