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上海中小学生视力不良现状及相关行为分析
Prevalence of poor eyesight and the related behavior among students in Shanghai
【摘要】 目的了解中小学生视力不良的城乡差异及其影响因素,为制定预防近视的相关措施提供参考依据。方法分层整群随机抽取上海市嘉定区一至八年级学生1 124名进行视力检查,并对学生进行用眼现状问卷调查。结果嘉定城区学生视力不良率为66.38%,农村学生视力不良率为58.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。农村学生喜食富含维生素A蔬菜的比例达78.7%,高于城区学生的71.2%。农村学生"一拳一尺一寸"规范读写姿势的掌握率及读写1 h后主动休息的报告率优于城区学生。躺卧看书、走路或车厢中看书及课间继续读写等不良用眼习惯的学生比例城区显著高于农村。城区学生完成课内功课的时间高于农村学生,但户外活动时间少于农村学生。学生视力不良主要与蔬菜食用情况、读写姿势、课间休息习惯、户外活动时间有关。结论中小学生视力不良的城乡差异与饮食、用眼习惯、用眼时间等因素有关。应加强中小学生爱眼护眼的健康教育,预防视力不良发生。
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the poor eyesight difference between urban and rural students and related influencing factors,and to provide evidence for the preventive measurements.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling method,1 124 students from grade 1 to grade 8 were recruited.Students were asked to fill in questionnaires and take visual examination.Results The prevalence rate of myopia among urban students was 66.38%,which was higher than that among rural students(58.41%),with statistical significance(P<0.05).The rural students were more likely to intake vitamin A rich vegetables(78.7%)than the urban ones(71.2%).The rural students had better eyes using habits.The incidence of myopia was related to the intake of vegetables,reading/writing postures,break habit and out-door activity time.Conclusion The poor eyesight difference between urban and rural students might be related to food,eyes using habits and eyes using time.The health education targeted eye protection should be strengthened to prevent the incidence of poor eyesight.
- 【文献出处】 中国学校卫生 ,Chinese Journal of School Health , 编辑部邮箱 ,2013年01期
- 【分类号】G637.8
- 【被引频次】23
- 【下载频次】407