【摘要】 为了研究孔板结构参数对空化效应的影响，以孔板式空化器为例，依据气泡动力学理论，建立孔板内气液两相动态空化模型，推导出孔板通道及出水口流量方程。采用实验的方法，在初始操作参数条件下，固定出口压力为0 MPa,调节入口压力，在入口压力与出口压力压差值0.2 MPa～1 MPa范围内，以0.1 MPa等差值递增共实验九次，改变孔板厚度、孔数、孔型结构，以水的物化性质电导率为表征手段，以溶解氧作为辅证，研究孔板结构参数对空化效应的影响。结果表明：随着入口压力的升高，液体的空化强度越强，且当入口压力达到一定值时，空化强度趋于稳定；改变孔板厚度，压差在0.2 MPa～0.9 MPa内，8 mm孔板的电导率达到140.54μS/cm,空化效果最佳，压差在0.9 MPa～1 MPa内，10 mm孔板的电导率达到142.47μS/cm,空化效果最佳；改变孔板孔数，压差在0.2 MPa～0.6 MPa内，五孔孔板的电导率达到136.51μS/cm,空化效果最佳，压差在0.6 MPa～1 MPa内，三孔孔板的电导率达到141.61μS/cm,空化效果最佳；改变孔型结构，压差在0.2 MPa～1 MPa内，孔型对孔板空化强度的影响微弱，整体圆形空化效果最好，方形次之，三角形最差。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the influence of structural parameters of orifice plate on cavitation effect, a gas-liquid two-phase dynamic cavitation model in orifice plate was established based on bubble dynamics theory, and the flow equations of orifice plate passage and outlet were derived. Under the initial operating parameters, the outlet pressure was fixed at 0 MPa, and the inlet pressure was adjusted. The pressure difference between the inlet pressure and outlet pressure was 0.2 MPa～1 MPa, and the equal difference value of 0.1 MPa was incremented for nine times. The thickness of the orifice plate, the number of holes and the pore structure were changed. The effect of structural parameters of orifice plate on cavitation effect was studied. The results show that the cavitation strength of liquid becomes stronger with the increase of inlet pressure, and tends to be stable when the inlet pressure reaches a certain value. By changing the thickness of orifice plate, the conductivity of 8mm orifice plate reaches 140.54 μS/cm when the pressure difference is between 0.2 MPa and 0.9 MPa, and the conductivity of 10 mm orifice plate reaches 142.47 μS/cm when the pressure difference is between 0.9 MPa and 1 MPa. Changing the number of holes in the orifice plate, the conductivity of the five-hole plate is 136.51 μS/cm when the pressure difference is between 0.2 MPa～0.6 MPa, and the conductivity of the three-hole plate is 141.61 μS/cm when the pressure difference is between 0.6 MPa～1 MPa. Changing the pass structure, the pore structure and the pressure difference between 0.2 MPa～1 MPa, the influence of the pore shape on the cavitation strength of the orifice plate is weak, and the overall circular cavitation is the best, followed by the square one and the triangle one.更多还原