【摘要】 爆破安全评价是一个多属性和多目标相互结合的复杂系统工程，传统评价方法存在计算量大、主观性强、结果不合理等问题。针对工程爆破中潜在的危险因素，基于层次分析原理，从安全4M(人为因素、管理因素、环境因素、技术因素)原则出发，建立爆破安全评价体系；采用G1法确定主观权重、CRITIC法确定客观权重，结合两种方法的优点，获得各项评价指标的综合权重，利用TOPSIS法计算评价对象与正负理想解之间的距离和贴近度，以此判别安全程度；以新田萤石矿、石雷钨矿、武山铜矿的爆破开采为例，采用CRITIC-G1-TOPSIS法评价各矿山的安全状况，结果表明：新田萤石矿、石雷钨矿、武山铜矿的安全评价结果与正理想解的贴近度分别为0.510 0、0.603 8、0.519 2,即爆破安全评价结果从劣到优的排序为新田萤石矿、武山铜矿、石雷钨矿，评价结果与其他评价方法的结果基本吻合，表明将CRTIC-G1-TOPSIS法用于爆破安全评价是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Blasting safety evaluation is a sophisticated engineering system combining multiple attributes with multiple objectives, therefore, when traditional evaluation methods were used, such problems as large amount of calculation, predominated subjectivity and irrational results were found. Aiming at studying the potential risk factors in engineering blasting, the comprehensive blasting safety evaluation system can be established on the basis of the analytic hierarchy process and the saftey 4 M principles(related to human factors, management factors, environmental factors, technical factors). While G1 method was employed to determine subjective weight, the CRITIC method was used for determination of objective weight. Combining the advantages of both approaches, the integrated weight of various evaluation factors were obtained. Using the TOPSIS process to compute the distance or proximity between the evaluation object and the positive or negative ideal solutions, the degree of safety can be identified. Taking the blasting practice in Xintian Fluorite Mine, Shilei Tungsten Mine and Wushan Copper Mine as examples, the CRITIC-G1-TOPSIS method was applied to evaluate the safety conditions of said mines, the proximity of safety evaluation results to the positive ideal solution in three mines was 0.5100,0.6038 and 0.5192 respectively. The ranking from inferior to superior of results of blasting safety evaluation was Xintian Fluorite Mine, Wushan Copper Mine, Shilei Tungsten Mine. The evaluation results basically agreed with the results from those using other evaluation methods shows that the application of the CRTIC-G1-TOPSIS method in blasting safety evaluation is feasible.更多还原