【摘要】 目的 比较2021年版WHO基本药物清单、2018年版国家基本药物目录与《国家基本医疗保险、工伤保险和生育保险药品目录》（2021年版）（后称“医保目录”）中收录精神障碍药物状况的不同与相同之处，在目录对比中提出科学调整和完善我国两大目录的建议，为我国下一版目录的制定提供参考。方法 比较分析国家基本药物目录、WHO基本药物清单和医保目录收录精神障碍药物的品种、重合药物的规格剂型等方面的异同。结果 2021版WHO基本药物清单有17种精神障碍药物，2018版国家基本药物目录有33种，2021版医保目录有98种，其中3个目录中药物重合数有11种。国家基本药物目录和医保目录的剂型明显多于WHO基本药物清单，医保目录甚至没有规格显示。与WHO-EML(2019)相比，WHO-EML(2021)新增了3种药物帕利哌酮、安非他酮和伐尼克兰。并且，安非他酮和伐尼克兰均是WHO-EML(2021)独有的。此外，纳入了2021版WHO基本药物清单，而没纳入2018版国家基本药物目录的药物有卡马西平、丙戊酸钠、美沙酮。结论 与WHO基本药物清单纳入的精神障碍药物相比，我国的目录涵盖范围并不够全面，收录新型药物较少，究此原因，可能是更新程序、遴选原则等方面有较大差异。建议以WHO基本药物清单为参考，进一步完善我国两大目录，科学合理且全面地收录精神障碍药物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the differences and similarities of the status of drugs for mental disorders included in the WHO Essential Drugs List in 2021 edition, the National Essential Drugs List in 2018 edition and the Drug List of National Basic Medical Insurance, Work-related Injury Insurance and Maternity Insurance(2021 edition)(later referred to as the "Medical Insurance Catalogue"), and put forward suggestions for scientific adjustment and improvement of China’s two catalogues in the comparison of the catalogues. It provides reference for the formulation of the next edition of the catalog in China. Methods The differences and similarities of the types of drugs for mental disorders included in the national Essential Drugs List, the WHO Essential drugs List and the medical insurance catalogue were compared and analyzed. Results The comparative study found that the 2021 edition of the WHO Essential Medicines List has 17 kinds of drugs for mental disorders, the 2018 edition of the National Essential Medicines List has 33 kinds, and the 2021 edition of the Medical Insurance List has 98 kinds, of which there are 11overlapping drugs in the three lists. Moreover, the dosage forms of the national essential medicines list and the medical insurance list are far more than the WHO essential medicines list, and the medical insurance list does not even have specifications displayed.Compared with WHO-EML(2019), WHO-EML(2021) added three new drugs, paliperidone, bupropion and varenicline. Also, both bupropion and varenicline are unique to WHO-EML(2021). In addition, carbamazepine, sodium valproate, and methadone were included in the 2021 edition of the WHO Essential Medicines List, but not included in the 2018 edition of the National Essential Medicines List. Conclusion Compared with the mental disorder drugs included in the WHO Essential Medicines List, my country’s list does not cover a wide enough range of new drugs, and there are large differences in update procedures and selection principles. It can use the WHO Essential Medicines List. In order to guide, further improve the drug catalog, scientifically and rationally include drugs for mental disorders.更多还原