【摘要】 为了减少固体废弃物污染以及降低无土栽培基质生产成本,以发酵好的醋糟基质为主料,研究醋糟与草炭、蛭石混配基质的理化性状及其在樱桃番茄栽培中的应用效果。结果表明,在醋糟中添加一定量的草炭和蛭石,显著降低了混配基质的容重、持水孔隙,改善了基质的通气状况,同时还提高了混配基质的p H值、EC值以及全氮、全磷和速效钾含量;醋糟混配基质能够促进樱桃番茄植株的生长,提高叶片的叶绿素含量和净光合速率(Pn);此外,醋糟混配基质可增加樱桃番茄的产量,同时还改善了番茄果实的风味品质。尤其是以T5处理(醋糟∶草炭∶蛭石=5∶3∶2,体积比)效果最好,樱桃番茄生长指标、光合参数以及产量和品质均优于对照。综上可知,醋糟混配基质完全可替代传统基质(草炭∶蛭石=2∶1)用于樱桃番茄栽培,其中以醋糟∶草炭∶蛭石=5∶3∶2作为樱桃番茄栽培的混配基质配方最为适宜。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reduce the pollution of organic solid waste and lower the production cost of soilless cultivation substrate,we investigated the physical and chemical properties of vinegar residue mixed substrates and the application of cultivation of cherry tomato, and the mixed substrates were made by vinegar residue fermentation substrates mixed with peat and vermiculite.The results showed that adding a certain amount of peat and vermiculite into vinegar residue made a increase in p H, electrical conductivity(EC), the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available potassium, while the bulk density and water holding porosity decreased. The ventilation conditions of the mixed substrates was significantly improved. The experiment in cultivation showed that the mixed substrates promoted the growth of cherry tomato, improved the content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthetic rate(Pn). In addition, vinegar residue substrate could improve the yield, quality of fruits and commodity value of cherry tomato. As for tomato plants of T5(vinegar residue substrate ∶ peat ∶ vermiculite =5 ∶3 ∶2), the indicators of growth,photosynthetic parameters, yield and fruit quality were significantly higher than those of control. It indicated that vinegar residue mixed substrates can replace the traditional substrate(peat∶vermiculite= 2:1) as a soilless cultivation substrate of cherry tomato, in which the mixed substrates of vinegar residue substrate∶peat∶vermiculite=5∶3∶2 performed the best.更多还原