【摘要】 新结构经济学的目标是从比较优势的视角形成一个认识并界定政府和市场在以结构变迁为核心内容的经济发展中的作用的新综合体系。然而,在比较优势分析方法、静态比较优势的动态性质、发展战略的制度基础等关键问题上依然面临着诸多争议。在此基础上,本文尝试构建了如下一个发展战略的成本与收益分析框架。首先,发展中国家的经济性质决定了发展政策的两难困境:由于市场中存在信息、协调、外部性、刚性等等问题,需要积极的发展政策来激励理性的市场个体充分利用发展机会,但被干预了的市场必然存在扭曲,真实的发展绩效取决于发展政策成本与收益的权衡。其次,随着发展水平的提高,发展战略的边际成本增加而边际收益降低,最优的政府干预程度需要削减。最后,在政府及其代理人与市场个体利益相容的条件下,发展战略的最优动态调整能够实现。否则,发展战略的动态调整轨迹就取决于产权分布的变迁。更多还原

【Abstract】 New Structural Economics want to integrate the old structural economics and neo-liberalism economics into a unified framew ork w hich emphasizes the important roles for market and the state in the process of promoting economic development that focus on the structural change. How ever, there are many controversies on basic topics,such as the analytical method of comparative advantage, the dynamic nature of static comparative advantage, the institutional foundation of development strategy. In order to perfect and expand NSE,this paper constructs an analytical framew ork of the costs and benefits of development strategy. Firstly,there are dilemmas depending on the unique economic situation in developing ones: due to market problems of information,coordination,externality, rigidity,etc,rational agents need to be stimulated to utilize the development opportunities by positive development policies, at the same time, w hich induce the distortion in market, and the real development performance depends on the trade- off of the costs and benefits of development policies. Secondly,as the progress of development,the marginal costs of development strategy w ill be increased but the marginal benefits deceased,as result,the optimal degree of government intervention should be cut dow n. Lastly,under the conditions of compatible interest betw een government and market agents, the optimal dynamic adjustment on development strategy can be true; otherw ise, the dynamic adjustment track w ould depend on the distribution of decision- making pow er betw een government and market.更多还原