【摘要】 以浓硫酸和磷酸混酸替代传统的易产生毒气的硝酸钠/氯酸钾,高锰酸钾为氧化剂,鳞片石墨为碳源,制备了氧化石墨;并采用正交试验法,研究了石墨用量、高锰酸钾用量、反应时间、反应温度4个因素对氧化石墨结构的影响,通过极差分析确定了改进工艺制备氧化石墨的最佳工艺参数。通过X射线衍射、拉曼光谱与紫外可见吸收光谱,对改进工艺在最佳制备条件下得到的氧化石墨结构进行了表征,并与Hummers方法进行了对比。研究结果表明:改进工艺比Hummers方法制备的氧化石墨晶格中具有更少的缺陷。更多还原

【Abstract】 Graphite oxide( GO) was prepared with a mixture of concentrated H2SO4 / H3PO4 to replace NaNO3 / KClO3 which are easy to produce poison,by KMnO4 as oxidizing agent and flake graphite as carbon source. To obtain fully oxidized GO,the effects of the quantity of graphite,quantity of KMnO4,reaction time, and temperature on the degree of oxidization of GO were evaluated by the orthogonal array design( OAD). And the optimum preparing conditions of GO obtained by the improved preparation were determined by range analysis. Graphite oxide structure obtained at the optimal parameters by the improved method was characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns( XRD),ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy( UV-Vis),and Raman spectrum,and was compared with GO produced by the Hummers method. The results indicate that the GO obtained by the improved synthesis method has fewer defects in the basal plane than the Hummers method.更多还原