【摘要】 为了了解山东省植烟区土壤的养分状况和肥力特征，以2018～2019年在山东省烟草主产区潍坊、日照、临沂三地采集的227份土壤样本为研究对象，采用主成分分析和系统聚类分析方法，对植烟区土壤的养分状况进行了综合评价。结果表明：山东省植烟区土壤pH值为4.70～7.93，整体偏酸；有机质和碱解氮养分含量较匮乏，速效钾和微量元素有效硼养分含量缺乏严重；有效磷、交换性钙、交换性镁和有效铁养分含量充足，有效锌养分含量丰缺并存。根据土壤养分综合得分，将山东省植烟区土壤肥力划分为较高（Ⅰ级）、适宜（Ⅱ级）和偏低（Ⅲ级） 3个等级水平，其中Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级肥力水平的土壤样本数占比为81.50%，整体适宜烟草植株生长。不同典型植烟区的土壤肥力水平顺序为潍坊>日照>临沂。根据山东省典型植烟区土壤养分条件，应重视土壤科学管理和肥料合理施用，增施有机肥，配施无机肥，补施钾肥，提高土壤pH值和有机质含量，同时注意补充硼、锌等微量元素养分。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the soil nutrient status and fertility characteristics of tobacco planting areas in Shandong Province,227 soil samples collected in Weifang,Rizhao and Linyi,the main tobacco producing areas of Shandong Province,from 2018 to 2019 were taken as the research objects,and the soil nutrient status of the tobacco planting areas was comprehensively evaluated using principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis. The results showed that the p H value of the soil was 4.70-7.93,which was acid as a whole.The contents of organic matter and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen were relatively deficient, and the contents of available potassium and microelement available boron were seriously deficient. The contents of available phosphorus,exchangeable calcium,exchangeable magnesium and available iron were sufficient,and the contents of available zinc were abundant and deficient. According to the comprehensive score of soil nutrients,the soil fertility of tobacco planting areas in Shandong Province was divided into three levels: high(LevelⅠ), suitable(Level Ⅱ) and low(Level Ⅲ). The number of soil samples with Level Ⅰ and Level Ⅱ fertility levels accounted for 81.50%,which was suitable for the growth of tobacco as a whole. The order of soil fertility in different typical tobacco planting areas was Weifang >Rizhao>Linyi. According to the soil nutrient conditions in typical tobacco planting areas in Shandong Province,it should be paid attention to that scientific management of soil and the rational application of fertilizer, increasing the application of organic fertilizer, combining with inorganic fertilizer, supplementing potassium fertilizer, increasing the soil pH value and organic matter content,and paying attention to the supplement of boron,zinc and other trace element nutrients.更多还原