【摘要】 优士丁尼《法学阶梯》在叙述结构上全盘接受盖尤斯《法学阶梯》人、物、讼三分法的同时却将私犯之债从物法之末移到诉讼法之首。对罗马法原始文献的文本分析揭示,私犯之债必须经由证讼程序、作为准诉讼的和解或者阿奎利亚那要式口约之类的法律程序才能确定,具有直接引致诉讼等程序的功能,正是这种作为诉因的属性使其区别于契约之债而被优士丁尼规定在诉讼法中。这对于我国《民法通则》将民事责任独立成章的做法和我国未来民法典将侵权责任法独立成编的主张,极富说明意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In terms of the narrative structure,Justiniano fully accepted the trichotomy of person,property and action in Institutiones Gai but moved "obligaziones ex delicta" from the end of property law to the beginning of action law.Textual analysis of original version of Roman Law reveals that obligaziones ex delicta must be identified by such law procedures as litis contestatio,transactio as quasi-litigation,or stipulatio Aquiliana,which also has the function of leading to litigation procedure directly.It is the attribute of cause of action that makes Obligaziones ex Delicta different from obligationes ex contractu to be stipulated in the action law of Justiniano.It is explanatorily significant for our Civil Liability being an independent chapter in General Principles of Civil Law and Tort Liability Law being an independent part in our future Civil Code.更多还原