【摘要】 流域尺度上降水的径流路径是科学认识大尺度区域水传输时间的基础和先决条件。在参考国内外大量研究文献的基础上，对水传输时间的研究进展从基本概念、计算方法到模型建模方法进行了分析与评述，指出机理模型研究是未来研究水传输时间的方向，而尺度研究目前研究的精度不够；在对水传输时间研究各类方法分析和归纳后，指出流域水传输时间研究的方法包括直接计算方法和间接计算方法两种，并对各种方法的优缺点及适用条件进行了总结；最后指出流域水传输时间研究存在的问题主要集中在模型输入特征、补给假设、数据长度、河流取样和传输时间分布函数选择等问题，为流域生态水文过程、水资源合理利用及流域水文提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The runoff path of precipitation in watershed scale is the base and prerequisite for scientific understanding of water transit times in large scale area. Based on a large number of overseasreferences, the research progress of runoff path is analyzed and reviewed from the basic concept, the calculation method to the model modeling method. It is pointed out that mechanism model research is the direction for the future research on water transit times and the precision of scale research was inadequate.After analyzed and concluded the methods of water transit times, indicated that included direct and indirect method, the advantage and disadvantage of which have been summarized. Finally, it is pointed out that the problems existing in the study of basin water transit times mainly focus on the model input characteristics, recharge hypothesis, data length, river sampling and transit time distributions function selection on the different scale, which is the direction for the further research.更多还原