日本经历与郁达夫的小说创作

【作者】 元妮娜；

【导师】 周海波；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 郁达夫的小说在中国现代文坛上起到了先锋性的作用。郁达夫有近十年的时间是在日本度过的,留学经历对郁达夫的小说创作起到了重要作用。这里所用的“经历”一词,界定为表层经验和深层主观体验的综合体。留日作家与留欧美作家、同为留日作家的鲁迅兄弟在思想、创作方面都表现出明显差异。日本经历不但影响了郁达夫的性格发展、人生选择,更影响了他的文学创作。郁达夫小说中的“自我暴露”揭示了他在日本的体验,是反抗的变种,体现了人的觉醒,也是孤独者的自画像。在本质上郁达夫是典型的清教徒,他的“自我暴露”与本人的经历并不完全一致,带着夸大的成分,是对卢梭“自我暴露”和日本私小说等的模拟,用自我毁灭引起关注,表达愿望。郁达夫小说中频繁书写疾病,与日本生活经历是分不开的。在表层经验层面,郁达夫在日本患过疾病,学过医,更是经历了弱国子民的悲哀,这些都让他了解了身体的和精神的苦痛；在深层体验上,疾病不仅是作者经历的苦痛,他把疾病当成了一种主动的选择,疾病成为他生命的常态,也成了浪漫主义的自我追求。疾病是一种隐喻,是对国家积弱的控诉,是作为“零余者”的控诉,更是寻求一种医治的道路。郁氏小说淡化情节,注重情绪。一方面他在日本备受各种煎熬,另一方面他把情绪叙事当成了文学上的自觉追求。情绪是小说中的线索,限制了情节的安排,也决定了小说的顺序。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yu Dafu’s novel played a pioneering role in modern Chinese literal world. His experience of studying in Japan, which lasted nearly ten years of time, had great effect on his creation of novels.Here the word "experience" is defined as a synthesis of surface experience and deep subjective experience. Writers in Japan and writers in Europe and US, and Lu Xun brothers show significant differences in thoughts and creation. The experience in Japan affected not only his character development and life choice, but also his literary creation.The self-exposure in his novels reveals his experience in Japan, a resistance of variant, and reflects people’s awakening, also self-portrait of the lonely. In nature, Yu Dafu is a typical of Puritan. His "self-exposure" and experience is not entirely consistent, but exaggerated, a simulation of Rousseau’s "self-exposure" and Japanese private fiction, causing concern with self-destruction, expressing wishes.In his novels, Yu Da-fu frequently mentions disease, and this is inseparable from the experiences in Japan. At the surface level, Yu Da-fu suffered from disease, studied medicine, and also experienced the tragedy of the weak subjects, which made him understand the physical and mental suffering; in-depth experience, the disease is more than the author’s experience of pain, he took it as a proactive choice, therefore, the disease became his normal life and a romantic pursuit of oneself too. Disease is a metaphor, a national slump in the complaint as a "zero than those" complaints, also the road to find a cure.Yu Dafu’s novels dilute the plot, focusing on emotion. On one hand, he has been plagued by suffering in Japan; on the other hand, he wrote emotional narratives as a literary conscious pursuit. Emotion is a clue to limit the arrangement of the plot, and also determines the order of the novel.更多还原