话语表达的人际功能解读

【作者】 马莉；

【导师】 尚晓明；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 关于话语人际功能的研究来源于系统功能语法理论,作为三大元功能之一,话语的人际功能是语言的参与功能,指人们说话时用语言做事并能表达讲话者的身份、地位、态度、动机和他对事物的推断等功能。语言交流的重要目的不仅在于传递信息和命题内容,还可用于建立并维持适宜的人际关系。本文根据系统功能语法中关于语言层次性和系统性的研究中得出:人际功能处于语境层与语言的词汇语法这一形式层之间的接面层,所以本文对话语的人际意义研究从语言形式和语境两个方面来探讨。语言形式是人际意义的体现方式,话语基调这一情景语境因素则决影响、甚至决定语言的人际意义,体现交际双方的角色关系,近而决定了语言形式的选择。本文结合Thompson提出的人际意义扩展框架,扩展了韩礼德对实现人际功能的词汇语法资源的论述,通过分析发现语气系统可以体现交际者之间的社会地位关系,通过语气系统的运用可以实现说话者和听话者之间人际的互动;人称代词和称呼语可以实现交际者之间的关系和地位的协商,并可以表现说话人的感情负载程度,利用人称代词及称呼语可以促进交际者之间的感情距离;情态系统的运用可以洞察说话者的态度和立场,实现人际的个人介入方面的表达。通过对实际语料的分析证明以上三个系统是表达人际意义重要的语言资源,受到话语基调因素的影响,正确运用以上语言形式可以达到交际目的、构建适宜的人际关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The research topic of interpersonal meaning comes from the framework of systemic functional grammar by Halliday. As one of the three meta-functions, interpersonal function works in term of the speaker as the participant in the communication to use language to express their social status, attitudes, and judgements. The main aim of communication doesn’t only focus on express the content, but also on the establishment and the maintenance of proper interpersonal relationship. According to the systemic and the level of language system, the thesis emphasize that the interpersonal meaning is in the interface level of the language system. According to Thompson’s framework of interpersonal meaning, the thesis analyses the mood system, modal system, and personal pronoun and vocatives in order to discover how they realize the interpersonal meaning by the influence of the tenor of discourse. Finally, the thesis makes a conclusion that the mood system can reveal the addressers and addressees’social status, and the proper application of the mood system can gain a successful interact between the addressers and addressees. The use of pronoun and vocatives can symbolize the affect involvement of the speakers’and also can make intimacy and solidarity by the speakers. We can observe the attitude and the judgement of the speaker through the modal system. Through the choice of the value of modality and the orientation of the modality we can see how people express their personal viewpoints under the influence of the tenor of discourse. By the use of nominalization---the explicit objective orientation can be indirect from the addressers’personal viewpoints.更多还原