【作者】 钱强飞；

【导师】 胡平波；

【作者基本信息】 江西财经大学 ， 数量经济学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 随着数字技术的不断发展及向各个领域的渗透,农业领域也受到数字技术的渗透影响,逐步向数字化转型和发展。农业数字化不仅是当下农业发展的主要趋势,更是乡村振兴的重要手段。近些年,在国家大力支持下,我国数字农业得到了一定的发展,但仍与发达国家存在一些差距,同时数字农业发展也面临经营制度不够完善、市场信息不对称、农业科研人才匮乏、资金支持不足、各地经济发展水平差异大等问题。提高数字农业创新效率有助于提高农业生产、经营效率,解决农产品产销错配等问题,有利于农村农业发展和乡村振兴。本文首先从数字农业、创新效率的定义入手,对我国数字农业发展现状进行分析,并借助面板三阶段DEA模型对2016-2020年数字农业创新效率进行分析和研究。从财力投入、人力投入、平台创新投入三个方面选取投入指标,并最终选择农业研发经费、农业研发人员作为财力投入和人力投入的指标,选择标整化生产合作社数量、数字化转型农企数量、淘宝村数量的总和作为平台创新投入指标;从经济产出和知识产出两个角度选择产出指标,并最终选择有机、绿色、无公害农产品获证单位与产品数、发明专利申请授权数作为经济产出和知识产出;选取各省人均GDP、公路密度、农村宽带用户密度作为外部环境变量。通过实证分析得出各个省份的数字农业创新效率值,并对其进行分析。为了进一步探究我国数字农业创新效率现状及原因,本文又对数字农业创新效率的影响因素进行更加全面的分析。选取城镇化水平、地区产业结构、自然灾害情况、农村基础教育水平、农民种养技术水平、农业机械化程度、农业化肥使用情况这7个指标作为外部环境影响因素,采用tobit回归模型对这些影响因素进行回归分析,并发现城镇化水平、地区产业结构、自然灾害情况、农村基础教育水平、农民种养技术水平、农业化肥使用情况这6个指标对数字农业创新效率具有显著影响。最后,通过对数字农业创新效率测度及影响因素分析,得出以下结论:(1)较高的经济水平对数字农业创新效率的促进作用相对较大,而较高的公路密度和农村宽带用户密度对数字农业创新效率的促进作用相对较小;(2)中部地区外部环境对数字农业创新效率的促进作用相对较小,而西部地区和东部地区的外部环境对数字农业创新效率的促进作用更明显;(3)农业受灾程度会对数字农业创新效率产生抑制作用,城镇化率、第一产业产值占GDP比例、农村劳动力文盲率、农技人员占比、化肥使用密度都对数字农业创新效率有一定的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of digital technology and its penetration into various fields,the agricultural field is also affected by the penetration of digital technology,and gradually to the digital transformation and development.Agricultural digitization is not only the main trend of agricultural development,but also an important means of rural revitalization.In recent years,with the strong support of the state,digital agriculture has been a certain development,but there is still some gap with the developed countries.At the same time,the development of digital agriculture is also faced with problems such as imperfect management system,asymmetric market information,lack of agricultural research talents,insufficient financial support,and large differences in economic development levels among different regions.Improving the efficiency of digital agriculture innovation will not only help improve agricultural production and operation efficiency,but also solve the problem of mismatching the production and marketing of agricultural products.It will also help rural agriculture development and rural revitalization.This thesis starts with the definition of digital agriculture and innovation efficiency,analyzes the current situation of Chinese digital agriculture development,and analyzes and studies the 2016-2020 digital agriculture innovation efficiency with the help of the panel threestage DEA model.Input indicators were selected from three aspects: financial input,human input and platform innovation input.Finally,agricultural research and development expenditure and agricultural research and development personnel were selected as the indicators of financial input and human input,and the sum of the number of standardized production cooperatives,the number of digitalized agricultural enterprises and the number of Taobao villages were selected as the indicators of platform innovation input.Output indicators were selected from two perspectives of economic output and knowledge output,and finally the number of licensed units and products of organic,green and pollution-free agricultural products and the number of authorized patent applications for invention were selected as economic output and knowledge output.Provincial per capita GDP,road density and rural broadband user density were selected as external environment variables.Through the empirical analysis,the digital agricultural innovation efficiency value of each province is obtained and analyzed.In order to further explore the present situation and reason of digital agricultural innovation efficiency,this thesis makes a more comprehensive analysis on the influence factors of digital agricultural innovation efficiency.Select 7 indicators of urbanization level,regional industrial structure,natural disasters,rural basic education level,farmers’ technical level,agricultural mechanization,and use of agricultural fertilizers as the external environment.The regression analysis was conducted,and the six indicators of urbanization,industrial structure,natural disasters,rural basic education levels,farmers’ breeding technical levels,and use of agricultural fertilizers have a significant impact on digital agricultural innovation efficiency.Finally,through the measurement of digital agriculture innovation efficiency and the analysis of influencing factors,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)Higher economic level plays a relatively large role in promoting the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture,while higher road density and rural broadband user density play a relatively small role in promoting the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture;(2)The external environment of the central region has a relatively small promoting effect on the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture,while the external environment of the western region and the eastern region has a more significant promoting effect on the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture;(3)The degree of agricultural disaster will inhibit the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture,while the urbanization rate,the proportion of the output value of the primary industry in GDP,the illiteracy rate of rural labor force,the proportion of agricultural technicians,and the density of fertilizer use will promote the innovation efficiency of digital agriculture.更多还原