【作者】 张牛点；

【导师】 王翠波；

【作者基本信息】 中南民族大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 当前全球进入了一个大发展、大变革、大调整的崭新时期,人类社会充满期望,新机遇层出不穷。科技作为人类社会发展的第一动力,正在影响和塑造着世界范围内国与国之间、企业与企业之间的竞争格局。尤其是在席卷全球的新冠肺炎疫情刺激下,排他性平台、量子计算机、web3.0、非同质代币等新兴技术正在加速发展。然而由于新兴技术研发的高风险及不确定性,如何有效预测并选择合适的研究方向,如何将有限的资源集中在最具有价值创造潜力的领域便成为了摆在众多学者及科研人员面前的难题。只有在当前激烈的竞争中成功把握技术发展趋势、识别技术演化路径,才能为国家和企业制定有效的技术发展策略提供保障。基于此,本文通过整合TRIZ理论、技术路线图、自然语言处理及SAO理论,进一步优化和改进了传统技术演化路径分析方法和流程,提出了基于SAO聚类分析的技术演化路径识别研究。为克服现有方式无法具体深入到专利文本语义的缺点,本文在传统本文分析和挖掘的基础之上,引入浅层句法分析,通过对专利权利要求书部分进行语义分析,挖掘其中语义角色类型并抽取文章实体关系,获取其中SAO语义结构。通过将SAO语义挖掘方法应用于专利数据,从非结构化的文本信息中识别其“关键问题-解决方案”,从而完整的呈现专利权利说明书中的结构及语义信息。在该方法的基础上利用所构建的专利相似度计算模型进行专利间的相似度计算,从而得到基于专利语义信息相似度矩阵的技术地图和技术演化路径图,更加直观可视化的展示技术演化脉络。并结合TRIZ理论分析同一主题下问题及解决方案的演变方向,识别各技术点之间的动态演化关系。文章最后,通过将本文所提出的方法应用于量子通信领域进行实证研究分析,在所获得的专利数据基础上绘制专利地图及技术演化路径图,对量子通信领域的技术演化路径、技术发展趋势和未来发展潜力进行分析,挖掘潜在技术机遇,并结合预见结果对我国量子通信领域的未来发展提出了相应的对策和建议。与传统的技术演化路径分析方法相比本文提出的基于专利权利要求书SAO结构的分析框架更加深入专利内部,更加全面的表达出专利文本的语义信息,因此基于SAO的专利相似度计算方法能够更深入的挖掘出方向一致的专利,弥补了目前传统的以技术实体(通常为高频主题词)为核心载体的技术演化路径绘制方法体现主题词间的语义关系能力较弱、无法真正展示各专利技术间内在联系和演变逻辑的不足。本文借助所构建的技术演化路径图识别技术发展方向,为企业及高校科技研发人员提供解决方案、开拓思路提供了新的工具,帮助其把握关键问题、确定技术创新潜在领域,对企业的技术研发和产业发展具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The world today is in a new era of great development,great change and great adjustment.Human society is full of expectations and new opportunities are emerging one after another.As the first driving force for the development of human society,science and technology are shaping and influencing the competition pattern between countries and enterprises around the world.Especially stimulated by the COVID-19 pandemic sweeping the world,emerging technologies such as exclusive platforms,quantum computers,web3.0,and non-fungible tokens are accelerating their development.However,due to the high risks and uncertainties of emerging technologies,how to effectively predict and select an appropriate technological evolution path,and how to concentrate limited resources in areas with the most valuable and creative potential have become difficult problems for many scholars and researchers.Only by successfully grasping the technological development trend and identifying the technological evolution path in the current fierce competition can we provide guarantee for the country and enterprises to formulate effective technological development strategies.Based on this,this paper further optimizes and improves the traditional technology evolution path analysis method and process by integrating TRIZ theory,technology roadmap,natural language processing and SAO theory,and proposes a technology evolution path recognition research based on SAO semantic mining.In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing methods,which are expensive and cannot go deep into the patent text,this paper introduces shallow syntactic analysis on the basis of traditional text analysis and mining.Type and extract the entity relationship of the article to obtain its SAO structure.By applying SAO semantic mining method to patent data,it can identify its "key problem-solution" from unstructured text information,so as to present its structure and function information completely.Based on this,the similarity calculation between patents is carried out through the constructed patent similarity calculation model,so as to obtain a technology map and a technology evolution path map based on the patent semantic information similarity matrix,which is convenient to display the technological evolution context intuitively and visually.Combined with TRIZ theory,it analyzes the evolution direction of problems and solutions under the same theme,and identifies the dynamic evolution relationship between technical points.At the end of the article,by applying the Fangda proposed in this paper to the field of quantum communication to conduct empirical research,draw a patent map and a technology evolution path map on the basis of the obtained patents,and provide a comprehensive understanding of the technology evolution path,technology development trend and future in the field of quantum communication.The potential opportunities are analyzed and summarized,the potential technical opportunities are explored,and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of my country’s quantum communication field are put forward based on the foreseen results.Compared with the traditional technology evolution path analysis method,the analysis framework based on the SAO structure of the patent claims proposed in this paper is deeper inside the patent and more comprehensively expresses the semantic information of the patent text.Therefore,the SAO-based patent similarity calculation method can be more In-depth mining of patents in the same direction makes up for the current traditional technology evolution path drawing method with technical entities(usually high-frequency subject words)as the core carrier.Insufficiency of internal connection and evolution logic between technologies.With the help of the constructed technology evolution roadmap,this paper identifies the development direction of technology,provides solutions and new tools for scientific and technological research and development personnel of enterprises and universities,and provides new tools to help them grasp key problems,identify potential areas of technological innovation,and provide technical support for enterprises’ technological research and development.and industrial development is of great significance.更多还原