线性调频连续波相控阵雷达的关键技术研究

【作者】 王子洋；

【导师】 张金栋； 史源；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 电子与通信工程（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 相控阵具有可以快速灵活的调节波束指向的优点,其在军事和民用领域都具有广泛的应用,一直是学术界和工业界研究的热点。线性调频连续波(Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave,LFMCW)相控阵雷达具有无距离盲区、检测精度高且能够在恶劣的环境下性能出色等优点。它成为了目前广受关注的近程雷达,应用在车载雷达和近程防御雷达等方面。本文使用基于时间调制的新体制LFMCW相控阵雷达,采用理论分析、仿真实验结合实际工程验证的方法,对相控阵雷达在LFMCW信号模型下的目标检测、目标运动参数计算等问题进行了深入的探讨。主要工作内容及贡献如下:(1)介绍了时间调制相控的原理,根据LFMCW雷达体制,对雷达总体方案进行设计并给出系统硬件框图,最后搭建了LFMCW相控阵雷达系统的硬件平台,包括雷达前端的收发射机、单边带时间调制系统等。(2)对LFMCW雷达的信号处理流程进行了详细的介绍,并针对该系统,搭建了基于FPGA+DSP架构的中频信号处理系统。介绍了雷达信号处理的基本流程,包括恒虚警检测(Constant False-Alarm Rate,CFAR)、测距测速测角算法模型等。最后将这些算法移植到硬件平台中实现。(3)完成了包含数据传输、目标显示与刷新、航迹显示等功能的雷达可视化系统,根据实测结果来给出实验结果。结果表明该系统能够实现各项功能并满足设计的需求。(4)针对整个相控阵系统,本文首先对每个功能模块进行了系统设计。然后对整个雷达系统进行外场实验。通过对比理论值和测量值,分析了算法的可行性和稳定性,同时为进一步的优化打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phased array has the advantage of adjusting the beam direction quickly and flexibly.It has always been a research hotspot in academia and industry,and has a wide range of applications in both military and civilian fields.Linear Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave(LFMCW)phased array radar has the advantages of no range blind zone,high detection accuracy and excellent performance in harsh environments.It has received a wide attention and applied as the short-range radar like vehicles radar and short-range defense radar,etc.In this paper,a new system of LFMCW phased array radar based on time-modulated is used.Theoretical analysis,simulated experiment combined with actual engineering verification methods are used to investigate the target detection and target motion parameter calculation of phased array radar under LFMCW signal model discussion.The main work content and contributions are as follows:(1)The principle of time-modulated phase control is introduced.The overall radar scheme is designed based on the LFMCW radar system and the system hardware block diagram is given.Finally,the hardware platform of the LFMCW phased array radar system is built,including the transmitter and receiver of the radar front end,single sideband timemodulated array,etc.(2)The signal processing flow of the LFMCW radar is introduced in detail,and an intermediate frequency signal processing system based on the FPGA+DSP architecture is built for the system.The basic flow of radar signal processing is introduced,including Constant False-Alarm Rate(CFAR),ranging,speed and angle measurement algorithm model,etc.Finally,the algorithm is transplanted to the hardware platform for implementation.(3)A radar visualization system including data transmission,target display and refresh,track display and other functions is completed,and experimental results are given based on actual measurement results.The results show that the system can realize various functions and meet the design requirements.(4)Aiming at the entire phased array system,this article firstly designs each functional module.Then field experiments on the entire radar system is conducted.By comparing the theoretical value and measured value,the feasibility and stability of the algorithm are analyzed,and the foundation for further optimization is laid.更多还原