【作者】 卢玲；

【导师】 涂裕春；

【作者基本信息】 西南民族大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 中国与日本作为东亚的两个邻国,两国在经济体量上位居世界前列,中国是典型的发展中国家,而日本是典型的发达国家。从1978年改革开放开始,日本同中国的经贸关系日益紧密,两国之间的国际贸易也日益频繁,贸易额也逐渐扩大,1980年两国的贸易额为92亿美元,到2019年增长为3150亿美元,增长了约34倍。2019年,中国是日本的第一大贸易伙伴,日本是中国的第五大贸易伙伴国。2020年11月15日,区域全面经济伙伴关系协定(1)正式签署,中国和日本作为RCEP成员国,在RCEP的合作框架下将进一步促进两国经济的合作。中国对日本的进出口从初级产品和产业间贸易为主,逐渐将进出口产品扩展到工业制品,同时进行产业间、产业内贸易。虽然中国发挥着传统的劳动力和巨大消费市场优势,日本发挥着技术和资本优势,但是两国商品贸易的结构也在发生变化。2020年在新型冠状病毒疫情(2)的影响下,也呈现出新的特点。在目前的研究中,对中日两国贸易的研究中,大多使用国际贸易标准分类(3)来分析,而按照世界海关组织(4)的关税协调制度分类研究的较少。另外,RCEP于2020年12月15日签署,2020年也爆发了新冠疫情,所以基于这两个背景下的中日贸易的研究也较少。在此背景下,本文将统计中日两国1961年到2020年的贸易数据,以此为基础对新冠疫情前后两国贸易的变化进行比较,并对两国贸易的竞争力和潜力来研究。本文使用统计分析法、指数分析法,全面分析了中日两国的贸易竞争力,也使用引力模型来实证分析了两国的贸易潜力。本文发现:(1)2020年在新冠疫情影响下,两国贸易依然频繁,特别是防疫物资,但我国顺差商品附加值低,逆差商品附加值高;(2)在中国对日本的贸易中,纺织类商品是我国竞争力较强的商品,工业制品是我国竞争力较弱的商品,而日本对中国的贸易中,竞争力强的商品集中在船艇及电影摄影用品,竞争力很弱的商品,集中在肉蛋、乳制品;(3)两国国内生产总值都在增加,中日两国的贸易潜力巨大。本文也提出了中日贸易中提升中国贸易竞争力和发挥贸易潜力的方法。本文认为中国企业要学习日本的文化产业发展方法,要发挥传统的纺织品生产的优势,同时也要注重提高商品技术含量,提升商品附加值,两国也要共同推进RCEP的实施。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the neighboring countries of East Asia,the economic volume of China and Japan are in the top of the world.Also China is a typical developing country and Japan is a typical developed country.Since 1978,the trade relations between China and Japan are getting closer,international trade between the two countries become more frequent,and the trade volume has gradually expanded.In 1980,the trade volume between the two countries was 9.2 billion dollars,and by 2019,it increased to315 billion US dollars,an increase of about 34 times.On November 15,2020,the regional comprehensive economic partnership agreement was officially signed.China and Japan,as members of RCEP,will further promote economic cooperation under the framework of RCEP.China’s import and export to Japan mainly cover primary products and inter industry products,now gradually expands to industrial products.There are inter industry and intra industry trade between two countries at the same time.Although China develops advantages in traditional labor force market and consumption market,Japan develops advantages in technology and capital field,but the composition of commodity trade between the two countries is also changing.Due to the COVID-19 in 2020,it also showed new characteristics.In the current research,most of the researches focus on trade between China and Japan,using standard international trade classification,while few researches make use of international convention for harmonized commodity description and coding system.Furthermore,RCEP was signed in December 15,2020,and the outbreak of COVID-19 also broke out in 2020.Therefore,there are few studies on trade between China and Japan under this background.In this context,this paper analyzes the trade status,competitiveness and potential of China and Japan from 1961 to 2020.The statistical analysis,index analysis and empirical model analysis were used in this paper.The conclusions are as follows:First,even there is COVID-19 in 2020,trade between China and Japan is still frequent,especially epidemic prevention materials.However,for China,the added value of exports to Japan is low and the added value of imports is high.Secondly,by the analysis of RCA index,TC index and TCD index,it shows that the commodities with strong comparative advantage in 2019 are centralized in textile commodities;the commodities with weak comparative advantage are centralized in industrial products.The commodities with strong trade competitiveness in China are mainly in the compilation products;the commodities with weak trade competitiveness in China are mainly in mineral sand and wood pulp products.The goods with strong trade competitiveness in Japan are mainly in boats and cinematography articles;those with weak trade competitiveness in Japan are centralized in meat eggs,dairy products.Thirdly,based on the GDP data,the trade potential of China and Japan is analyzed by gravity model.The results show that the trade potential of the two countries is huge.This paper also puts forward the methods to enhance China’s trade competitiveness and develop its trade potential in trade between China and Japanese.This paper aruges that Chinese enterprises should learn from Japan’s cultural industry,give full play to the advantages of traditional textile production,and fucus on improving technology and commodities’ added value.The two countries should also promote the implementation of RCEP together.更多还原