城市更新背景下历史文化街区景观设计研究

【作者】 孙英乔；

【导师】 焦杨； 蒋安锋；

【作者基本信息】 山东建筑大学 ， 艺术硕士（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国城市化进程的不断发展,城市发展模式开始由增量发展转变为存量发展,因此对于城市发展、更新、再利用成为当今社会的一个热点话题。其中位于城市核心区域的历史文化街区由于受到不合理的静态模式保护和过分追逐经济效益而造成的不合理开发,使得历史文化街区遭到破坏并开始落败,城市形象与城市景观风貌受到影响。景观设计作为处理人与环境之间关系的学科,本文尝试从景观设计的角度探究城市更新背景下怎样更新历史文化街区景观。本文通过研读大量论文书籍以及相关资料,解读城市更新方法与手段、历史文化街区保护与发展模式以及景观设计理论与实践经验,力求找寻、提炼出历史文化街区更合理、有效、具有美学的更新原则与景观设计策略。在三个不同领域方面寻找出景观都市主义、有机更新、场所精神作为街区更新与景观设计的理论指导,并通过对国内外保护历程与研究进展进行梳理,进而形成历史文化街区初步保护理念。从国内外案例的分析与比较中,提取了1.更新前需要确立街区保护原则及保护策略、2.开发模式需要当地居民的参与、3.引入新的业态激发街区活力、4.打造整体街区景观、5.见缝插绿的绿植种植手段,五条可借鉴的经验。对烟台市滨海区域四个历史文化街区进行调研,从管理方面、经济方面以及景观方面探索具体街区的特定问题,并总结归纳一般问题。运用相关理论对问题进行分析,并从中探寻出1.构建街区完整性、2.保留文化真原性、3.增强参观可看性、4.增添娱乐互动性、5.完善街区服务性,五条更新原则,以及1.蔓延街区景观、2.运用街道格局、3.规划街区步行系统、4.强化历史建筑展现、5.丰富街区景观元素、6.打造街区地标景观,六条景观设计策略,并最终落实到实践设计中。选取调研街区中具有典型性并且缺乏更新的烟台市虹口路历史文化街区作为景观设计实践案例,根据更新原则与景观设计策略,对场地进行区域分析并提取其中的设计元素、文化符号以及其特定问题,通过景观设计手段改善历史文化街区景观情况,加重历史文化街区文化传播广度与力度,缓解与化解历史文化街区中发展与保护中产生的矛盾。本论文希望可以引起更多学者与设计师对于历史文化街区保护与发展之间问题的重视,并对此方面的研究与之后的相关设计提供思路与参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous development of China’s urbanization process,urban development mode begins to change from incremental development to stock development.Therefore,urban development,renewal and reuse has become a hot topic in today’s society.Among them,the historical and cultural blocks located in the core area of the city are subject to unreasonable static mode protection and unreasonable development caused by excessive pursuit of economic benefits.As a result,the historical and cultural blocks are destroyed and begin to lose,and the city image and urban landscape are affected.Landscape design as a discipline dealing with the relationship between people and the environment,this thesis attempts to explore how to update the historical and cultural block landscape under the background of urban renewal from the perspective of landscape design.Through reading a large number of thesis,books and related materials,this thesis interprets the methods and means of urban renewal,the protection and development mode of historical and cultural blocks,as well as the theory and practical experience of landscape design,and strives to find and extract more reasonable,effective and aesthetic new principles and landscape design strategies of historical and cultural blocks.In three different areas,we find landscape urbanism,organic renewal and place spirit as the theoretical guidance of block renewal and landscape design.Through combing the protection process and research progress at home and abroad,we can form the preliminary protection concept of historical and cultural blocks.From the analysis and comparison of cases at home and abroad,five experiences are extracted: 1.The principles and Strategies of block protection need to be established before the renewal;2.The development mode needs the participation of local residents;3.The introduction of new business forms to stimulate the vitality of the block;4.Building the overall block landscape;5.Planting green plants in the cracks.Based on the investigation of four historical and cultural blocks in Binhai District of Yantai City,this thesis explores the specific problems of specific blocks from the aspects of management,economy and landscape,and summarizes the general problems.This thesis analyzes the problems by using relevant theories,and explores five renewal principles: 1.Building block integrity;2.Retaining cultural authenticity;3.Enhancing visibility;4.Adding Entertainment Interaction;5.Improving block service;and 1.Spreading block landscape;2.Using street pattern;3.Planning block walking system;4.Strengthening historical building exhibition;5.Enriching block landscape elements 6.To create the landmark landscape of the block,six landscape design strategies are put into practice.Hongkou Road Historical and cultural block in Yantai City,which is typical and lack of renewal,is selected as a landscape design practice case.According to the renewal principle and landscape design strategy,the site is analyzed regionally and the design elements,cultural symbols and specific problems are extracted.The landscape situation of historical and cultural block is improved by means of landscape design and the historical and cultural street is aggravated The scope and strength of regional cultural communication can alleviate and resolve the contradiction between the development and protection of historical and cultural blocks.This thesis hopes to attract more scholars and designers to pay attention to the protection and development of historical and cultural blocks,and provide ideas and reference for the research in this area and the related design in the future.更多还原