【作者】 崔晓雪；

【导师】 聂英；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 农村与区域发展（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 吉林省地理位置优越,素有“黄金玉米带”的美称,是中国粮食主产区和主要的商品粮基地。秸秆产量高达到4000万t,其中玉米秸秆产量在秸秆总产量中所占比例最高,因此吉林省开展玉米秸秆资源化利用工作方面具有得天独厚的优势。目前,吉林省秸秆综合利用率较低且进程发展缓慢,农民违法违规露天焚烧并且丢弃秸秆现象仍然存在。吉林省应该加快转变秸秆传统利用方式,并根据秸秆利用现状以及存在的问题提出具有针对性的解决方案。本文根据吉林省实际情况,选取玉米秸秆还田、饲料、发电三种主要利用方式,从综合效益角度出发,利用层次分析法与模糊评判总结出玉米秸秆优化利用模式,并提供合理可行方案。本文主要研究内容如下:1.在可持续发展理论的基础上,根据吉林省玉米秸秆资源的区域分布状况,测算玉米秸秆资源数量,掌握吉林省玉米秸秆资源利用潜力。2.初步了解吉林省玉米秸秆利用现状及模式,再通过查阅相关文献和实地调研的数据分析,选定三种玉米秸秆主要利用方式作为本文的评价对象。阐述三种主要利用方式的现状和利用过程中存在的问题,并分析主要利用方式存在问题的具体原因。3.运用层次分析法,构造判断矩阵,运算得出吉林省玉米秸秆主要利用效益评价各个指标的权重值。利用模糊评判法得出关于吉林省玉米秸秆三种利用模式的综合效益评价顺序,根据最终结果提出吉林省玉米秸秆主要利用的发展方向。4.以循环经济理念为根据,针对玉米秸秆还田、秸秆饲料、秸秆发电三种利用方式,从经济,社会,生态的三种效益角度出发,通过资料分析整理,对主要利用方式进行综合效益分析。文章最后根据层次分析法与模糊评判所得的效益评价,以及吉林省玉米秸秆资源化利用产业发展过程中的政策需求,提出与吉林省省情相符合的对策与建议。例如统一规划吉林省内秸秆产业布局,并且规划中长期秸秆综合利用方案,不同区域分别开展试点;建立相对完善秸秆收集贮运体系;建立科技成果转化促进机制;完善秸秆产业链,形成秸秆循环利用新格局;建立高效的政策补助和科技奖励政策等措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jilin province enjoys a favorable geographical position and is known as the "golden corn belt".It is the main grain-producing area and the main commodity grain base in China.The straw output reached 40 million t,among which the corn straw output accounted for the highest proportion in the total straw output.Therefore,Jilin province has unique advantages in carrying out the resource utilization of corn straw.At present,the comprehensive utilization rate of straw in Jilin province is low and the process of development is slow.Jilin province should accelerate the transformation of traditional straw utilization methods and put forward targeted solutions according to the current situation of straw utilization and existing problems.According to the actual situation of Jilin province,this paper selects three main utilization modes of corn straw returning to the field,feed and power generation,and from the perspective of comprehensive benefits,summarizes the optimization utilization mode of corn straw by using analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy evaluation,and provides reasonable and feasible schemes.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:1.On the basis of the theory of sustainable development,according to the regional distribution of corn straw resources in Jilin province,the number of corn straw resources is calculated to grasp the utilization potential of corn straw resources in Jilin province.2.After a preliminary understanding of the current situation and mode of corn straw utilization in Jilin province,three main utilization modes of corn straw were selected as the evaluation objects of this paper through consulting relevant literature and data analysis of field investigation.This paper expounds the status quo of the three main utilization modes and the problems in the process of utilization,and analyzes the specific reasons for the problems in the main utilization modes.3.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was used to construct the judgment matrix,and the weight value of each index was calculated.The comprehensive benefit evaluation sequence of three utilization modes of corn straw in Jilin province was obtained by using fuzzy evaluation method,and the development direction of main utilization of corn straw in Jilin province was put forward according to the final results.4.Based on the concept of circular economy,this paper analyzes the comprehensive benefits of the three utilization methods of corn straw returning to the field,straw feed and straw power generation from the perspective of economic,social and ecological benefits.Finally,according to the benefit evaluation of AHP and fuzzy evaluation,as well as the policy demand in the development process of the corn straw resource utilization industry in Jilin province,this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions in line with the situation of Jilin province.For example,unified planning for the layout of straw industry in Jilin province,and planning for the comprehensive utilization of straw in the medium and long term,pilot projects were carried out in different regions;establishing a relatively perfect system of straw collection,storage and transportation;establishing a mechanism for promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;improve the straw industry chain,forming a new pattern of straw recycling,establish effective policy subsidies and science and technology incentives.更多还原