【作者】 王子乾；

【导师】 张龙；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 建筑学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 2000年以来,预防性保护的概念逐渐得到各个文化遗产地的重视,而遗产监测作为预防性保护的重要手段,近15年内也得到了迅速的发展,各世界文化遗产地纷纷建立了世界文化遗产监测预警平台。而随着科学技术的发展,尤其是第三次科技革命的推动,大量现代化的监测设备被运用到针对遗产本体和遗产环境的监测工作中。由于我国的遗产监测刚刚起步,在监测工作开展的过程中出现了诸多问题,如:监测指标体系过于庞杂,开展起来难度较大,监测指标本体针对性不强,缺乏关联性研究;监测技术的适应性不足,很多监测技术或对遗产本体安全有一定风险,或得到的监测数据可用性较差;监测数据的利用不够充分,由于数据分析和病害研究等工作开展的不够及时、不够充分,导致积累的大量监测数据得不到充分的利用;等等。尤其是在针对遗产地环境的监测工作,环境监测指标是否有针对的遗产本体以及是否与遗产本体之间具有密切的关联性,环境监测技术是否适用,是否存在安全风险,环境监测数据是否被用到关联本体的保护中,等等,这些问题尤为突出。本文以世界文化遗产地——颐和园为主要研究载体,通过对颐和园环境监测的实际操作,数据分析,本体病害环境影响因素关联性分析;再结合对故宫博物院、苏州园林、莫高窟、云岗石窟等其他世界文化遗产地的实地调查、专家采访和文献研究,初步完成了以下四项工作:1)针对我国遗产地广泛存在的古建筑木质结构、彩画和壁画、石刻和石雕等三类遗产本体,进行了环境监测指标与本体病害的关联性研究,提出了针对性的环境监测指标体系;2)针对颐和园世界文化遗产地的特征,对物理微环境监测技术和水土流失监测技术进行了适应性改造;3)在开展针对性环境监测的基础上,对颐和园长廊彩画的褪色机理与保护策略进行了深入研究;4)从指标确定、技术选择、方案制定、监测实施、数据分析,以及研究结论和保护策略的提出等方面,对颐和园的物理环境监测和水土流失监测工作进行了总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 2000,most cultural heritage sites have attached importance to the concept of preventive protection.As an important method of preventive protection,the heritage monitoring has obtained rapid development in recent 15 years.Most world cultural heritage sites established the world cultural heritage monitoring and warning platform.With the development of science and technology,especially under the driving of the third science technology revolution,a large number of modern monitoring devices have been used for the heritage monitoring and environmental monitoring.While because the research of heritage monitoring has just started,many problems arise in the process of monitoring.For example,the monitoring indicators system is too complicated to carry out.The monitoring indicators are not related to the heritage closely.Monitoring technologies aren’t adaptable,which has a risk to the security of heritage.The obtained monitoring data has not been used adequately.And so on.This paper takes the world cultural heritage site,the Summer Palace,as main research carrier.Through environmental monitoring,data analysis,relationship research between monitoring indicators and the heritage for the Summer Palace,combining with field investigation and experts interview in several word cultural heritages such as The Palace Museum,Suzhou Gardens,Mogao Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes,the following four tasks have been completed: 1)In view of ancient building,ancient paintings and stone carving,which are three common kinds of heritage in China’s world cultural heritage sites,pertinent environmental monitoring indicators system is built.2)Considering the features of The Summer Palace,the physical micro environment monitoring technology and soil erosion monitoring technology were adapted.3)On the basis of carrying out the physical environmental monitoring,the fading mechanism and protective strategy for the painting in the long corridor of the Summer Palace are studied.4)From the analysis of indicators,technology selection,planning,implementation,data analysis and protection strategy determination,the works of physical environment monitoring and soil erosion monitoring in the Summer Palace are summarized.更多还原