【作者】 何兆阳；

【导师】 赵美；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 文物与博物馆学（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 明代是我国古代城市繁荣,市民经济快速发展,并伴随着早期资本主义萌芽的时期。明代文化存在于一个相当长的动态历史过程中,表现在玉文化方面,明代玉器承袭宋、元传统,开启清代新风,宫廷与民间治玉同时发展,仿古与创新并驾齐驱。琢玉手法由宋、元的精细空灵逐渐走向明代工艺与美术的结合,采用工艺化、装饰化、玩赏化和商品化的多元手法,使得纹饰图案达到了无所不包得境地,并以大量的复合纹及辅助纹的形式出现,富有强烈的时代气息。尤其进入到明中晚期,玉器在艺术上虽然缺乏典雅秀丽但有富贵气息,做工上虽然不甚精细却具有古朴苍劲和仿古韵味之美,这些治玉特点共同构成了明代玉器的时代风格。明代玉器是我国古代玉文化的重要组成部分,可由于时代较晚,传世玉器较多,使得明代出土玉器的研究并不像战汉玉器那样受到重视。明代早期建都南京,历朝藩王及宗室封地、墓葬也多在南方,文章通过整理南方地区考古发现有明确纪年的明代墓葬中出土的玉器,分析其种类、用途、材质、造型、纹饰、工艺等特征,并将明代玉器中的代表性器物玉带板做类型学分析。利用考古出土实物,探寻明代的治玉工艺及特点；根据出土玉器的特征划分出明代玉器早、中、晚三个时期；分析明代玉器在不同时期的风格特征以及与宋、元玉器的承继关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ming Dynasty in ancient China urban prosperity, rapid economic development in the public, along with the early seeds of capitalism period. Ming Dynasty culture exists in a very long historical process of dynamic performance in the jade culture, jade inherited the Ming Song, Yuan tradition, open new wind Qing, governance and civil court while developing jade, antique and drive innovation and drive. Jade carving fine ethereal approach from the Song, Yuan Ming Dynasty gradually combine technology and art, the use of technology-based, decoration of, and appreciation of diverse techniques and commercialization, making ornamentation patterns have reached all-encompassing position,with a strong flavor of the times. In particular, advanced into the next, fine workmanship, although less vigorous but has quaint antique charm and beauty of these characteristics together constitute the rule of the Ming Dynasty jade jade era style.Ming Dynasty Jade is an important part of China’s ancient jade culture, may be due to relatively recent times, many masterpieces of jade, jade makes the study of the Ming Dynasty is not as valued as the war Han jade. Early Ming Dynasty capital of Nanjing Military Governors and clan fiefdoms dynasty tombs are mostly in the south, the article found that there is a clear chronology of the Ming tombs unearthed jade sorting through southern archaeological analysis of its kind,the representation of the Ming Dynasty jade jade artifacts board to do typological analysis. Combined with the use of historical documents unearthed archaeological objects, explore the Ming Dynasty jade craft and characteristics of governance, middle and late three periods; analysis of the Ming Dynasty jade style characteristics at different times; investigate the Ming Dynasty jade and Song, inheritance relationship and its impact on Yuan Qing Dynasty jade jade.更多还原