教育戏剧在小学语文课堂教学中的实践探索

【作者】 顾纾；

【导师】 郭开平；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 学科教学（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 长期以来,我们的小学语文课堂教学都处于一种静态的、平面的,甚至有时是一种灌输式的模式之中。而语文,作为一种人文性和工具性结合十分紧密的学科,它实际上应该是动态的、立体多元的、活跃的、丰富的学科。语文教学需要改革,但语文教学却是最难改革的。为此,我们一直都在思考,在寻找一些突破口。如何变机械、反复操练的静态教学为活跃、互动的动态教学;变平面单纯的文本讲解为自主探究的立体教学,让学生乐于表达、善于表达;变灌输式教学为师生双边的启发式交流活动,学生乐于感悟,课堂组织变得有声有色;如何在运用中巩固知识,在活动中增强体验,培育人文精神,从整体上提高课堂教学效益?我们开始尝试将戏剧元素、方式融入于语文教学中。戏剧是一门综合表演艺术形式,能够活泼地展现人们的生活形态。戏剧能够促进人的审美体验、情感体验,并具有教育功能。教育戏剧(Drama In Education,DIE)是以戏剧的教学方式开展教育教学活动,始发于英国和美国,我国在基础教育中,最早渗透教育戏剧,在并长期的运用发展中不断补充完善。引用教育戏剧的元素和方式开展教学,能够调动学生的学习积极性,激发学生的学习热情,化解文字符号的理解难点,以肢体语言的形式促进学生的审美体验和情感体验。可以这么说,这样的一种教学理念和教学方式,为现今的语文教学活动提供了新的思路。因此,作为一线的语文教师,我们大胆设想在语文教学中引入一些戏剧元素组织教学,以增强教学的趣味性,学生的参与度,从而提高语文课堂教学的效益;将教育戏剧作为一种教学方式、手段的补充,化解语文课堂教学中的难点,因为戏剧本身就是融合了多学科、多元素的综合舞台表演艺术,学生在编、导、排、演、展等“校园戏剧”活动中,能增强学生学习的兴趣,促进学习主动性,有效提高自身的想象和审美等综合素质,提升表达、合作、探究、创造等多种能力。为此,我们开始潜心研究,认真实践。本文首先剖析了当今语文课堂教学模式的一些弊端,探讨了教育戏剧在小学语文教学中应用的可行性和重要性,在多种教学理论支撑的基础上,对教育戏剧运用于小学语文课堂的教学形式进行了案例搜集,并根据不同的文体教学作了适当的归类总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Over years, Chinese teaching in our primary school keeps in a static, flat, or even sometimes indoctrination pattern. The language, however, as a subject that combines humanities and instrumental closely, should be dynamic, multi-dimensional, dynamic and rich. For this reason, Chinese teaching needs to reform while it is the most difficult to do so. To this end, we have been thinking and looking for breakthrough of this problem. How to change mechanical, static instruction to active, interactive teaching; turn planar, simple text explanation to self-exploration, that will make students willing to express and good at communication; let teachers inspire and discuss with students instead of indoctrination in education, which will make students more willing to ponder problems, the organization of courses will also become more vivid and impressive. How to consolidate knowledge from practical application, enhance experience and nurture human spirit from activities and improve the efficiency of classroom teaching? We begin to integrate element of drama in language teaching.Drama is kind of comprehensive performing art, which shows people’s lifestyles lively. Theater not only can promote people’s aesthetic and emotional experience, but also has educational functions. Drama In Education(DIE) means apply drama elements and drama methods to teaching, which is originated in the United Kingdom and the United States, the earliest penetration of drama education in China is in the courses of foundational education, the use of drama education is also supplemented and improved continuously through the long-term application. Cited drama elements and methods into education can stimulate students’ enthusiasm and resolve difficulties of understanding text symbols, use body language to promote students’ aesthetic and emotional experience. It can be said that such teaching philosophy and method provide a new way for language teaching.Therefore, as Chinese teachers, we have a bold vision to introduce some drama elements into the organization of courses in order to enhance the fun of teaching and students’ participation, thus improving the effectiveness of classroom teaching; Since drama itself is a kind of comprehensive stage performance art that integrate a wide range of subjects and elements, it can be used as teaching method and supplementary mean to resolve the difficulties in language teaching. Students will increase their interest in learning and promote learning initiative, their overall qualities like imagination, aesthetic and abilities such as expression, cooperation, exploration and creation will also be enhanced through the process of writing, directing, rehearsing and exhibiting "school drama" activities. For this reason, we begin to research diligently and practice seriously.This paper analyzes some drawbacks of classroom teaching at present and explores the feasibility and importance of applying drama education to language teaching in primary school. On the basis of variety teaching theories, this paper collects cases regarding the application of drama in education on Chinese lessons in primary school, and also make proper summary depends on the style of teaching.更多还原