【作者】 马杰；

【导师】 宾恩海；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范学院 ， 中国现当代文学， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要从“五四”新文学的个性主义传统、泛政治化的文学传统、现代文学的抒情传统和现代文学的语言传统四个方面来考察汪曾祺的小说特质、文学观念与现代文学传统之间的联系。汪曾祺在小说创作之初受到“五四”新文学传统的个性主义影响，在四十年代已具备了小说创作的自觉意识，这为他今后的创作奠定了文学观念、文体意识的基础。40年代末左翼文艺阵营和自由主义文人的论争是现代文学传统的一次分流，其中引发出的是个人/集体、文学审美/文学功用等一系列的问题，汪曾祺在60年代的小说创作中虽流露出尴尬的文化处境，但也努力消解泛政治化文学所带来的消极影响。汪曾祺深受废名、沈从文的抒情小说的影响，在此基础上创造出了自己的审美空间，他把抒情面向由诗意家园引向了世俗化的人间，更重要的是在这背后还浮动着汪曾祺作为一个知识分子的主体性精神思考，这些关于文艺创作、作家的生活态度、作家的理想与现实的纠葛，都成为汪曾祺的小说创作的抒情的一部分。汪曾祺坚持语言的“本体论”，其口语化、散文化的写作方式在80年代的文学语言基点上来看，成为了反欧化、反“毛文体”的自觉实践，汪曾祺在接受赵树理、老舍一路的通俗文学语言，又融废名、沈从文一路的雅化文学语言，从而自成一体，形成清朗爽健的语言特色。在此基础之上，他在语言之中又表达了他个人的民间想象，呈现出了自我化的文人主体象征。如果把研究汪曾祺小说看做是向现代文学传统回望或者体认的一种途径的话，由此可以进一步考量现代文学传统与当代之间的联系；人们往往把汪曾祺奉为寻根文学的先声，但本文认为，寻根文学只是为自身的言说合法性找寻代言人而已，汪曾祺在当代对于现代文学传统的传递无法规避断裂的文化处境，但作为一种绵延的作用力存在，他的意义愈久愈见生机和活力；另外，传统的内核精神是由知识分子的主体精神构成的，汪曾祺个人在时代变迁中的文学实践是偏离还是坚守现代知识分子的精神立场，这是本文向学术界提出的可以引起更多关注的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The author investigates the associations between idiosyncrasies, literary perception ofWang Zengqi’s stories and modern literary tradition from four perspectives, which consists ofthe individualism convention, pan-politicization convention, modern lyric literature andmodern and literary language of the new May4thliterature.Influenced by the individualism tradition of the new May4thliterature, Wang Zengqi hascome to the realization of composing stories in the1940s, which lays the foundation for hiswriting in regard with literary and stylistic perception.In the late1940s, the argument between the school of the left-wing literature and theliberalism scholars creates divergences which triggers such issues as individualism orcollectivism, and literary aesthetic value or literary function. In the1960s, Wang Zengqistrived to alter the negative situation led by the pan-politicization, even though there appearsawkward literary context in his stories.Wang Zengqi has been fairly influenced by Fei Ming and Shen Congwen’s storieswhereby he devises his own aesthetic room. He introduces the lyric literature from the poeticcontext to the secular context. What is more important, there is Wang’s individual thinkingconcerning literature writing, attitude towards life or the entanglement between dream andreality which constitutes the lyric literature.Wang Zengqi sticks to the linguistic ontology, the vernacular and prose features in hisstories make a protest against the Europeanization and Mao’s literary style. Based on themastery of the vernacular language in Zhao Shuli and Laoshe’s stories and elegant literarylanguage of Fei Ming and Shen Congwen’s stories, Wang creates his own literary style whichis accurate and vivid. Besides, he indicates the imagination of the secular life, presenting thecharacteristics of the individualism of the scholar.Regarding Wang Zengqi’s stories as approaches to the reconsideration or recognition ofthe modern literature, further investigation on the connection between modern literature andcontemporary literature can be conducted. It is hold that Wang Zengqi is the pioneer of theroot-seeking literature. However, the author argues that the root-seeking literature solely aims to find a substitution for its legal sayings. Wang could not dodge that the broken culturalcontext in the modern literary tradition, but its vitality can be seen with the constantprogression of the modern literature. On top of that, The traditional kernel spirit is composedof the intellectual spirit, in the change of times his personal literary practice is deviation orstick to the spirit of the modern intellectual position, this is this article can cause moreconcern to the academia.更多还原