【作者】 张宁博；

【导师】 齐庆新； 欧阳振华；

【作者基本信息】 煤炭科学研究总院 ， 采矿工程， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 断层冲击地压严重威胁着煤矿的安全生产，而目前的研究对断层冲击地压发生机制这一关键科学问题尚不能解释得十分清楚。本文采用相似模拟试验和数值模拟试验研究了采动对断层冲击地压的影响规律，分析了断层冲击地压的发生机制，结合现场地应力实测和三维地应力场反演，对试验矿井进行了断层冲击地压危险区域的划定，并通过现场实践进行了验证。研究结果表明：开采扰动引起覆岩破裂区向断层迁移，覆岩裂隙与断层带贯通是引起断层系统失稳、工作面前方煤体冲击的直接原因；覆岩破坏对断层应力场具有扰动效应，应力场变化导致断层运动状态发生改变；开采活动造成断层带应力比出现先降低后增大的变化趋势，当应力比升高时，断层滑移速度增大，应力比达到一定水平时，断层发生滑移失稳；通过现场实践，证明以断层应力比和滑移速度突变来划定断层冲击地压危险区域是合理的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fault rock-burst severely threatens the safety of coal mine production, howevery thecurrent researches cann’t explain the mechanism of occurrence of fault rock-burst. Basedon simulation experiments and numerical experiments, the law of mining influence onfault rock-burst was studied and the mechanism of occurrence of fault rock-burst wasanalyzed. Combined the in-situ stress measurement and three dimensional back analysisof geo-stress field of test mine, dangerous area of fault rock-burst was confirmed and theresult was verified by field practice. The research results showed that, firstly affected bymining disturbance the overlying rock fracture zone extends to fault and connects to faultzone, causing fault instability and coal impact; Secondly destruction of overlying rockhas disturbance effects on fault stress field and change of fault stress field leads to faultmovement; Thirdly stress ratio (shear stress to normal stress on fault plane) decreases firstand then increase causing by mining movements, and slip velocity of fault increase whenstress ratio rises, and when stress ratio reaches a certain level, the fault will be instable; Atlast, the correctness of mechanism of fault rock-burst and resonation of hazardous areas forfault rock-burst’ occurrence were verified by analysis of site monitoring result.更多还原