【作者】 汉由之；

【导师】 张志翔；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 野生动植物保护与利用， 2014， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是世界上草莓栽培面积最大的国家之一,草莓的产量在世界上也位居前列,同时又蕴藏着丰富的野生草莓资源。我国分布的11个野生草莓种中,二倍体种占8个,黄毛草莓就是其中分布较广的种质之一。本实验利用传统的杂交育种将野生二倍体黄毛草莓与栽培品种红颜草莓作为亲本得到的杂交后代进行回交,并突破性地运用现代辐射技术对黄毛草莓的光和能力和果实品质进行研究和筛选。本研究主要结果如下：对以黄毛草莓和红颜草莓为亲本的杂交F1代植株进行了性状测量及与亲本的对比,设计了以黄毛草莓和杂交F1代为亲本的杂交组合,得到黄毛草莓为母本的杂交组合的杂交种子137粒；黄毛草莓为父本的杂交组合都未结实；杂交后将得到的种子进行播种,种子出苗率为21%。在辐射育种实验中对经过60Coγ射线辐射后的植株进行光和能力的测定,实验结果表明导致黄毛草莓出现光合午休现象时光合速率降低的是非气孔因素；对于黄毛草莓来说,实验设计的辐射剂量40Gy比较适宜筛选生长良好和具有高光合能力的植株。对60Coγ射线辐射后的黄毛草莓得到的果实进行品质测定,实验结果表明,20Gy和40Gy的黄毛草莓果实重量最大,40Gy的黄毛草莓果实抗氧化能力最强,80Gy的黄毛草莓果实总酚含量最高,100Gy的黄毛草莓果实维生素C含量和糖酸比最高,在此基础上筛选出了果实品质较好的植株和适宜的辐射梯度。通过对M2代种子发芽率的研究,发现M2代种子发芽率均高于M1代,且40Gy的发芽率最高,综合前期研究认为40Gy是M2代研究的重点。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is one of the largest strawberry cultivation area countries in the world, and its strawberry production is also in the forefront around the world, while it is also rich in wild strawberry resources. Among the11species of wild strawberries in our country, diploid species account for eight, and Fragaria nilgerrensis is one of the widely distributed among the germplasm. In this study, using traditional cross-breeding to backcross Fragaria nilgerrensis with the hybrids produced by the wild diploid Fragaria nilgerrensis and the cultivars, and using modern radiation techniques groundbreakly to research and select the photosynthetic capacity and fruit quality of Fragaria nilgerrensis.The results of this research are as follows:This research measured the traits of hybrid plants which produced by Fragaria nilgerrensis and cultivar strawberry and compared with the parents. Statisticed the data and case of hybrid seed and quantity of seed produced, obtained137seeds, and the germination rate statistics is21%.In radiation breeding experiments, the photosynthesis capabilities of plants that radiated by60Coy ray were measured. Experimental results show that it is the stomatal factors lead the decrease of photosynthesis rate when the midday depression appeared; For Fragaria nilgerrensis, the radiation dose of40Gy is more appropriate to screening well-grown and high-photosynthetic capacity plants. Measured the fruit quality of strawberry Fragaria nilgerrensis radiated by60Coy ray. Experimental results show that the fruit of Fragaria nilgerrensis radiated by20Gy and40Gy has the largest strawberry fruit weight, Fragaria nilgerrensis radiated by40Gy has the strongest antioxidant capacity, Fragaria nilgerrensis radiated by80Gy has the highest total phenolic content of strawberry fruit, Fragaria nilgerrensis radiated by100Gy has the maximum sugar-acid ratio and content of vitamin C. On the basis of these results, this experiment selected the plants with better fruit quality and appropriate radiation gradient. The seed germination rate of M2is higher than the M1generation, and 40Gy is the highest. Combine the result with preliminary studies suggest that40Gy is the focus to the study of M2generation.更多还原