【作者】 胡晓颐；

【导师】 王继军；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 经济法学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 具有经济宪法之称的《中华人民共和国反垄断法》于2008年8月1日起正式实施,该法的出台有利于维护市场经济秩序、保护正当合理的市场竞争秩序、维护消费者的合法权益,有利于构建健康、和谐、有序的市场运行机制。通过对违反法律及市场竞争秩序的违法行为予以制裁和处理,排除市场运行过程中存在的不正当竞争行为,以达到保护自由公平的市场竞争秩序的目的,有效地推动市场优胜劣汰、促进自由竞争、优化市场资源配置。反垄断法从保护消费者合法权益和维护社会公共利益、社会整体利益出发,对市场不正当竞争行为予以规制,运用法律力量十预市场失灵,使市场运行机制正常、合理运转,维护社会公共利益。反垄断法充分考虑了我国现行社会主义市场经济发展状态的特点及趋势,体现了我困社会主义市场经济发展的阶段性特点及属性,标志着我国竞争法律体系的逐渐完善。反垄断法的不断完善,能够更好地适应社会主义市场经济发展的需要,能够更好地与国际接轨、参与国际市场竞争。反垄断法民事责任制度设立的基本目的就是借助私人执行的力量实现对垄断违法行为的遏制,从而保护自由、公平的市场竞争秩序。反垄断法实施的过程,更重要的是反垄断法民事责任实现的过程,即私人运用反垄断法的规定向垄断违法行为主张权利的过程。私人实施反垄断法一方而弥补了反垄断公共执法机构公共实施的不足与局限性,另一方面更是通过维护自身合法权益直接推动了反垄断法的有效实施,维护了自由、平等、公平的市场竞争秩序。但由于我国传统法律文化的影响以及对公共执法的过分依赖,我国反垄断法民事责任制度仍存在一定缺陷,我国《反垄断法》第50条确立了反垄断法的民事责任制度,但是规定过于笼统、简单、原则,不具有可操作性,致使反垄断法民事责任制度的规定在实践中难以执行。本文除引言和结语外,分四部分：第一部分主要是从我国《反垄断法》的现行规定出发,分析我国反垄断法民事责任制度存在的主要问题,反垄断法民事责任制度过于笼统、简单,缺乏可操作性；请求权主体及责任承担主体过于狭窄；民事责任承担方式单一；救济程序不完善等。第二部分通过从我国传统私权理念法律文化、反垄断法关注重点及公共执法与私人执行的协调等方面进行分析,对我国反垄断法民事责任制度存在缺陷的原因进行分析研究,指出我国传统法律文化及反垄断法的公法性质定位对我国反垄断法的重要影响。第三部分对国外及我国台湾地区的反垄断民事责任制度进行比较分析,许多国家和地区确立了比较系统、完善的反乍断法民事责任制度,建立了反垄断法私人执行制度,确立了损害赔偿制度、惩罚性赔偿制度、禁令救济制度、民事责任归责原则、以及原告主体资格、管辖制度、举证责任等方面的配套措施。第四部分通过借鉴国外和我国台湾地区的经验,结合我国国情及司法实践,对我国反垄断法民事责任制度提出完善建议,就民事责任承担方式、主体资格、归责原则及程序制度设计等方面提出完善的建议,并针对最高人民法院2011年4月25日公布《关于审理垄断民事纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》(征求意见稿)及2012年6月1日实施的《关于审理因垄断行为引发的民事纠纷案件应用法律若干问题的规定》涉及到的主体资格范围、责任承担方式、管辖权问题、举证责任分配等条款进行分析评价。确立完善、合理的反垄断法民事责任制度可以激励私人实施反垄断法,缓解公共机构执法压力,有助于提升整个国家的反垄断法实施水平。我国反垄断法民事责任制度应当确立完善的责任承担方式(增加禁令救济及确立双倍惩罚性赔偿制度)、明确规定民事责任的归责原则、建立反垄断法公共执法与私人执行的协调配合机制及完善反垄断法民事救济程序性规定等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Anti-monopoly law of the People’s Republic of China, called the economic constitution, is formally implemented on August1,2008. The introduction of the law is conducive to not only the maintenance of the order of market economy and the order of market competition, but the protection the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. It also promotes the operation of the normal, orderly, healthy, and harmonious market and innovative mechanism. The law sanctions illegal acts contrary to the law and the order, in order to push the free competition and resource allocation of the market. The law is founded on the protection of the interests of consumers, public and the community, to regulate the unfair competition and intervene the market failure. The anti-monopoly law takes fully account of the characteristics and trend of current economic development and uses the experience of other countries for reference. The formulation of the law means the gradual improvement of the competition law system in China. The gradual promotion will adapt better to the development of socialist market economy, and participate better in international competition.The basic purpose of the foundation of anti-monopoly civil liability system is to protect free and fair market competition order, with the strength of private enforcement. The implementation of anti-monopoly law is a course of achievement of anti-monopoly civil liability, which is also a private use of anti-monopoly law to claim to rights from monopoly. On one hand, the private implementation makes up for the shortcomings of the anti-monopoly public enforcement agencies. On the other hand it directly promotes the effective implementation of anti-monopoly law, safeguarding the free, equal and fair market competition. However, due to the impact of China’s traditional legal culture, as well as over-reliance on public enforcement, anti-monopoly civil liability system still has some defects. The provisions are too general and simple to practice. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts: Starting from the existing provisions of China’s Anti-monopoly law, the first part analyzes the main problems of the system. For example, the system is not exercisable; the subjects of responsibilities are too narrow; the bearing way of civil liability is single; and the relief program is inadequate.The second part analyzes the reasons of the defects, from the legal culture of traditional private rights, focus of the law and the coordination between public law enforcement and private enforcement. Then it points out the important impacts of China’s traditional legal culture and the location of nature of the anti-monopoly law on the anti-monopoly law.The third part analyzes the system of foreign countries and Taiwan. Many countries and regions establish a scientific and entire anti-monopoly civil liability system, and enforcement system, meanwhile establishing the compensation system, the punitive compensation system, the injunctive relief system, the civil liability imputation principle, the subject qualification of plaintiff, the jurisdiction system, the burden of proof and other supporting measures.The fourth part puts forward suggestions for improvement of bearing of civil liability, the subject qualification and procedures system. Then it analyzes terms of the legal provisions on the trial of civil monopoly cases, which is issued by the Supreme People’s Court on June1,2012.Perfect and reasonable anti-monopoly civil liability system can encourage the private to observe the law, then to relieve the pressure of law enforcement of public institutions. It is beneficial to improve the level of implementation of anti-monopoly law. China’s anti-monopoly civil liability regime should establish the system of injunctive relief and double indemnity, expressly set the rule of civil liability fixation principle, and formulates the coordination mechanism of between public law enforcement and private enforcement.更多还原