【摘要】 针对钩提式抽薹装置断薹率高、找准植株中间位置效率低的问题，对抽薹装置上的金属钉进行了改进，将金属钉由尖头改进为钝头，并对扎薹和抽薹进行了力学分析，同时，开展了改进前后不同抽薹装置对抽薹效率、薹长、出薹率、产量和使用评价对比试验。结果表明，从抽薹过程来看，抽薹力度随时间变化呈“S”型曲线；抽薹装置改进后，钝头金属钉按扎力比尖头金属钉按扎力大3.4 N，虽然改进后比较费力，但由于钩提式抽薹装置的作用力与反作用力设计，并未影响使用感受；抽薹装置改进后，找准蒜茎中部位置更加快捷，抽薹效率显著提高，达到101.33根·10 min^-1，比改进前提高12.18%，出薹率达到94.33%，比改进前提高5.20%，达到极显著水平；蒜薹和蒜头产量分别为141.87和1 692.43 kg·667 m^-2，与改进前相比无显著差异。总体来看，抽薹装置改进提高了抽薹效率和出薹率，且不会对蒜薹和大蒜产量造成影响，同时，抽薹过程的力学分析结果可为蒜薹抽提的机械化研究提供理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to the problems of high bolt breakage rate and low efficiency in locating the middle position of plants in the hook type bolting device, the metal nails on the bolting device were improved from pointed to blunt, and mechanical analysis was conducted on bolting and bolting. At the same time, comparative experiments were conducted on the efficiency, length, rate, yield, and usage evaluation of different bolting devices before and after the improvement. The results showed that from the perspective of the bolting process, the bolting intensity varied in an "S"-shaped curve with time.After the improvement of the bolting device, the fastening force of blunt metal nails was 3.4 N greater than that of pointed metal nails. Although the improvement was more laborious, the design of the action and reaction forces of the hook and lift bolting device did not affect the user experience. After the improvement of the bolting device, it became quicker to locate the middle position of garlic stems, and significantly increasing the bolting efficiency to 101.33 stems·10 min^-1,which is an increase of 11.00 stems·10 min^-1compared to before. The bolting rate reached 94.33%, an increase of 5.20% compared to before the improvement, reaching a highly significant level. The yields of garlic sprouts and garlic heads were 141.87 kg·667 m^-2and 1 692.43 kg·667 m^-2, respectively, with no significant difference compared to before. Overall, the improvement of the bolting device has increased the efficiency and rate of bolting, without affecting garlic sprouts and garlic yield. At the same time, the mechanical analysis results of the bolting process can provide a theoretical basis for the mechanization research of garlic sprout extraction.更多还原