【摘要】 目的 探讨≥60岁老年人高血压的中医体质影响因素，为老年人群的高血压防治工作提供参考依据。方法 回顾性收集2021年1月—12月河南省新郑市≥60岁的居民健康档案数据，共纳入60 510名研究对象。依据是否患有高血压，将研究对象分为高血压组和非高血压组。采用χ2检验分析两组间一般资料及不同高血压中医体质的差异；建立二元Logistic回归模型分析老年人高血压的体质影响因素。结果 单因素分析结果显示：性别、年龄、婚姻状况及气虚质、阳虚质、痰湿质、血瘀质、气郁质和平和质与老年人高血压病有关，差异有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示：≥60岁老年人高血压患病率为43.9%(26 579/60 510)。男性高血压患者的危险因素是痰湿质（OR=1.649,95%CI:1.571～1.731），保护因素是平和质（OR=0.723,95%CI:0.677～0.772）、气虚质（OR=0.767,95%CI:0.712～0.827）和阳虚质（OR=0.793,95%CI:0.732～0.860）；女性的高血压患者的危险因素为痰湿质（OR=1.539,95%CI:1.470～1.611）和血瘀质（OR=1.341,95%CI:1.209～1.487），保护因素为平和质（OR=0.714,95%CI:0.671～0.759）、阳虚质（OR=0.782,95%CI:0.727～0.841）和气虚质（OR=0.927,95%CI:0.868～0.990）。结论 老年人高血压的体质影响因素包括痰湿质、血瘀质、阳虚质、气虚质和平和质，建议依据老年人高血压中医体质的性别差异，采取不同的防治措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the factors of the TCM constitution of hypertension in elders aged ≥60 and to provide a reference basis for preventing and treating hypertension in elders.Methods Retrospective data collection from health records of residents aged ≥60 in Xinzheng,Henan Province,from January to December 2021,including 60 510 study subjects. The χ2 test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. A binary Logistic regression model was established to analyze the TCM constitution factors of hypertension in the elders. Results The univariate analysis showed that gender,age,marital status and qi deficiency,yang deficiency,phlegm-dampness,static-blood,qi-stagnation constitution,and mild constitution were associated with hypertension in the elders,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that: the prevalence of hypertension in people aged ≥60 was 43.9%(26 579/60 510). The constitution risk factor for hypertension in males was phlegm-dampness constitution(OR=1.649,95% CI: 1.571-1.731),and the protective factor for hypertension was mild constitution(OR=0.723,95% CI: 0.677-0.772),qi deficiency constitution(OR=0.767,95% CI:0.712-0.827) and yang deficiency constitution(OR=0.793,95% CI: 0.732-0.860); the risk factors for the hypertensive constitution in women were phlegm-dampness constitution(OR=1.539,95% CI:1.470-1.611) and static-blood constitution(OR=1.341,95% CI: 1.209-1.487); the protective factors for hypertensive constitution were mild constitution(OR=0.714,95% CI: 0.671-0.759),yang deficiency constitution(OR=0.782,95% CI: 0.727-0.841) and qi deficiency constitution(OR=0.927,95% CI: 0.868-0.990). Conclusion The TCM constitution influences factors of hypertension in the elders,including the phlegm-dampness constitution,static-blood constitution,yang deficiency constitution,qi deficiency constitution,mild constitution. The prevention and treatment of hypertension in the elders should be varied according to gender.更多还原