【摘要】 油田注水开发过程中加入有机粘土稳定剂可以有效保护油藏储层，是实现原油稳产、增产的重要手段。本文开发了一种环保型阳离子淀粉防膨剂(CS),采用核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)、红外光谱(FTIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和元素分析对CS进行了表征。室内粘土防膨实验表明，CS可以有效抑制粘土水化膨胀和分散运移，在加剂量为2.0 wt%时，其防膨效果可达79.9%,与环氧氯丙烷-二甲胺缩聚物的防膨性能接近。耐水洗测试表明，经过3次水洗CS依然能保留72.0%的防膨率，表现出优异的长效粘土防膨效果。文章采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、和zeta电位测定仪对粘土-CS复合物的微观相态及界面荷电性进行了研究，实验结果发现，CS对钠膨润土的防膨机理主要是聚合物吸附架桥和晶层插层，此外，分子间氢键和静电牵引也在固定地层粘土颗粒方面发挥了重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The addition of organic clay stabilizer in water-based drilling fluids can prevent the clay hydration and swelling, which is one of the major strategy in increasing oil production for oil exploration.In this study, an environmentally friendly cationic starch（CS） containing quaternary ammonium groups was synthesized by the etherification reaction.As-prepared CS was characterized by ¹ H NMR,FTIR,GPC and elemental analysis.The swelling inhibition test was carried out to assess the performances of cationic polymers.It was found that hydration swelling and migration of clay was significantly improved by the addition of CS to clay suspension.More than 79.9% anti-swelling efficiency was achieved at the optimal CS dose of 2.0 wt%,which was comparable to commercial poly-epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine.Importantly, after three repeating flushing cycles with water, approximately 72.0% of anti-swelling rate was still retained successfully, indicating good anti-swelling stability of CS.The morphology, interlayer spacing and zata potential of the resulting clay-CS nanocomposites were characterized by SEM,XRD,and zeta potential.The possibility mechanism for clay anti-swelling may base on polymer-clay mineral interaction through chain bridging and intercalation of CS.In addition, surface locking effect originated from Intermolecular hydrogen bonding and coulomb interaction in polymer chains can also be introduced to understand the swelling inhibition behavior.更多还原