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基于生态功能区划的黄土高原生境质量演变及模拟

Spatial-Temporal Evolution and Simulation of Multi-Factor Landscape Pattern and Habitat Quality on the Loess Plateau Based on Ecological Zoning

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【作者】 王金凤刘小玲王盛李庆胡世雄李玲凤

【Author】 WANG Jinfeng;LIU Xiaoling;WANG Sheng;LI Qing;HU Shixiong;LI Lingfeng;Geography Science Institute, Shanxi Normal University;Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences;Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application;Department of Geography,East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania;

【通讯作者】 王盛;

【机构】 山西师范大学地理科学学院河北省科学院地理科学研究所河北省科学院河北省地理信息开发应用工程技术研究中心宾夕法尼亚州立东斯特劳斯堡大学地理系

【摘要】 黄土高原是中国“两屏三带”生态安全格局的重要组成部分。基于1990年、1995年、2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年、2020年土地利用数据,运用InVEST模型、CA-Markov模型分析黄土高原生境质量时空演变特征,并探讨自然因素、人类活动及多因素景观格局对生境质量的影响。结果表明:黄土高原生境质量指数整体较好,生境质量指数均值为0.605 1~0.611 7,生境质量在空间上呈现高高聚集、低低聚集的两极集聚特征;生态保护情景下2030年黄土高原生境质量将明显上升,城市发展情景下2030年生境将退化严重,按生态保护情景发展,黄土高原农业与草原生态区、太行山山地落叶阔叶林生态区、秦巴山地北部边缘落叶与常绿阔叶林生态区生境质量将提升;从不同影响因素看,人口密度是各生态区生境破碎化的主要驱动因子。

【Abstract】 The Loess Plateau is an important part of the ecological security pattern of “two screens and three belts” in China. Based on the land use data of 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020, InVEST model and CA-Markov model were used to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of habitat quality on the Loess Plateau, and to explore the effects of natural factors, human activities and multi-factor landscape patterns on habitat quality. The result shows that the overall habitat quality of the Loess Plateau is better, with the mean value of habitat quality ranging from 0.605 1 to 0.611 7. The spatial distribution of habitat quality is showing a bi-polar clustering characteristic of “High-High” agglomeration and “Low-Low” agglomeration. The habitat quality of the Loess Plateau will increase significantly in 2030 under the ecological protection scenario. Under the urban development scenario, the habitat will be seriously degraded by 2030. According to the ecological protection scenario development, the agricultural and grassland ecological area of the loess Plateau, the Taihang Mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest ecological area, the Qinling-Daba Mountain northern edge deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved forest ecological area habitat quality will be improved. From the perspective of different influencing factors, population density is the main driving factor for habitat fragmentation in each ecological region.

【基金】 国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFF0305905);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41801034);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302123248);山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2020YY069,2020YY070)
  • 【分类号】X321
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