【摘要】 为了对主基因（或ＱＴＬ）进行遗传和物理定位，许多遗传学和统计学方法以及分子生物学技术相继被提出和实施。本研究给出了从数量性状主基因（ＱＴＬ）的统计学检测到定位在很小的染色体片段上（如小至２Ｍｂ以下）的全过程的一套思路，总结了包括单遗传标记与ＱＴＬ、两个或多个标记与ＱＴＬ的连锁分析在内的统计模型，其中比较了使用最大似然法和最小二乘法进行区间定位的优缺点。比较遗传学方法作为对定位方法的补充，也在本文予以介绍。为对主基因（ＱＴＬ）进行更精细的物理定位，本文还提出了如何得到更为详细图谱的措施，如物理图谱与遗传图谱的合并、ＳＴＳｓ位点的扩充、染色体微切割技术的应用及由ＹＡＣｓ、ＢＡＣｓ、Ｐ１ｓ和粘粒克隆组成的重叠图谱的构建等。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to map the major gene (QTL), many statistical and genetic methods and molecular biology techniques have been carried out. In this review, the methodology was given. It includes the whole procedure from detecting the major gene (QTL) statistically, to localizing it on a small chromosome fragment, e.g. the region below 2 Mb. The statistical models for linkage analysis involving one genetic marker with QTL, two or multi markers with QTL were summarized. Among them, the Maximum Likelihood and Least Square was compared. As an additional methods for mapping, the comparative genetics was described. On purpose to narrow the interval region supporting the major gene (QTL), approaches to get detailet map, such as combining the genetic map and physical map, developing STSs map, and establishing contigs integrated with YACs, BACs, Pls, and cosmid clone were forwarded.更多还原