【摘要】 乡村振兴,人才为本。乡村振兴战略实施的长期性要求从职业发展的全过程设计制定乡村人才振兴计划。文章以职业发展理论视角审视现阶段民族地区乡村人才振兴面临的困境,包括职业选择遭遇歧视,职业搜寻信息不畅,职业投资动力不足,职业投入得失不均,职业流动前易后难,职业平衡支点难控,职业保障相对缺位等,指出职业发展障碍是民族地区乡村振兴人才供给不足的重要诱因。对此,文章提出构建系统的乡村人才振兴观;教育宣传并重,消除职业选择歧视;搭建信息平台,降低职业搜寻成本;实施多种补贴,提高职业投资预期;结果过程结合,完善职业投入考核;建立轮岗制度,提高职业迁移能力;严格工作规范,确保职业生活平衡;完善保障体系,加大职业保障力度等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural revitalization is based on talents. Rural revitalization is a long-term,institutional,normative,progressive,and innovative social reform program. Correspondingly,its talent development strategy must also be planed within a long-term institutional scope. A rural talent revitalization plan should be designed and explained from the perspective of career development. A person’s professional life is a significant part of his or her whole life,which to a large extent determines the economic basis of this person’s other aspects of life. It not only includes career choices,activities,and goals of a person but also involves the life cycle of an individual’s respective positions. In addition, career development is not only concerned with an individual’s career choices and behavior but also with how career activities help her or him to get a fulfilling and meaningful life. Career development takes the individual’s ambition as a starting point,then focuses on how to optimize this career,and from there designs a career development chain( CDC) is formed from the aspects of career choice,career search,career investment,career involvement,career mobility,career balance,and career security.This paper examines the dilemmas facing revitalization through talent development in ethnic rural areas,seen through the lens of current career development theory. This includes discrimination in the workplace,poor information during career searches,insufficient motivation for career investment,lack of yield in career involvement,easy career mobility at early stages and challenges at later stages,difficulty in control of career balance pivot,and a corresponding lack of job security. Career development obstacles hinder adequate talent pools,which are needed for successful revitalization programs in ethnic rural areas. In this regard,this paper proposes to build a comprehensive theory of rural revitalization through talent discovery and development. Its goals are: the elimination of discrimination in career choice through education and publicity; to build a content platform to reduce career search costs; to allocate multiple subsidies to improve career investment returns; to combine results and processes so that career involvement assessment will improve; to establish a job rotation system so that people’s ability to transfer vocational skills will be improved; and to improve a guarantee system to increase career security.Further research should focus on three aspects: First,accurate placements and scale estimation of the demand for talents at all levels and fields of the rural revitalization programs,which need to be carried out according to the specific nature of each revitalization project. Second, the budgets and fund allocations for rural revitalization programs through talent development,need to depend on the financial conditions of relevant central and local governments,as well as social supports.Third,the promotional activities to incentivize rural talent pools need to combine inspirational values with common sense and reason.更多还原