【摘要】 采用比较分析方法，对始于20世纪90年代初、近10年得到大力发展的海上风电产业的中外发展形势、政策焦点和异同进行分析。从全球来看，海上风电具有发电能力迅速提升、欧亚地区形成集聚，并伴随着技术创新逐渐向深远海布局的特征；中国自“十二五”时期海上风电产业规模爆发式增长，产业布局加速调整，在沿海地区形成产业集群，机组容量持续提升，项目建设成本逐步降低。从行政管控、发展规划、价格和财税政策、空间布局和科研支撑等方面比较总结中国海上风电产业在宏观调控、技术创新、项目经济性、空间布局、运维保障等方面面临的问题，提出以海洋资源节约集约利用为本，以自主创新为动力，持续完善政策措施和管理制度，通过适度补贴、产业融合促进海上风电产业可持续发展的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using comparative analysis methods, this paper analyzes the development situation, policy focus, and similarities and differences of the offshore wind power industry, which began in the early 1990s and has been vigorously developed in the past decade, both domestically and internationally. From a global perspective, offshore wind power has the characteristics of rapidly improving power generation capacity, forming clusters in the Eurasian region, and gradually expanding into deep and distant seas with technological innovation; since the 12th Five-Year Plan period,China’s industrial scale has experienced explosive growth, industrial layout has accelerated adjustment, industrial clusters have been formed in coastal areas, unit capacity has continued to increase, and project construction costs have gradually decreased. By comparing and summarizing the problems faced by China’s offshore wind power industry in terms of macro regulation, technological innovation, project economy, spatial layout, and operation and maintenance support from administrative control, development planning, pricing and fiscal policies, spatial layout, and scientific research support, it proposes to take the conservation and intensive use of marine resources as the foundation, independent innovation as the driving force, continuously improve policy measures and management systems, and provide appropriate subsidies the idea of promoting sustainable development of offshore wind power industry through industrial integration.更多还原