【摘要】 裂果是造成枣树产业损失的主要灾害性生理病害,而枣裂果主要是由于降雨导致的,目前从水分生理的角度阐明裂果的机制尚不明确。选择我国栽培面积最大品种之一骏枣为试材,采用了滴灌控水的方法,从白熟期到全红期分别将田间土壤含水量控制在45%±5%、60%±5%、80%±5%3个水平。结果表明:各时期土壤含水量80%均发生裂果现象。半红期土壤含水量60%时蛋白质、脯氨酸含量最佳,全红期土壤含水量45%脯氨酸含量最佳。白熟期80%土壤含水量维生素C、总酚含量最高,半红期60%土壤含水量可溶性糖、淀粉含量及糖酸比均最高,全红期45%土壤含水量淀粉和可溶性糖含量高。结合各指标及裂果率,将土壤含水量在果实白熟期及半红期控制在60%±5%,到全红期减少土壤含水量为45%±5%更适合骏枣品质的提高,从而达到节水和减少果实开裂的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fruit cracking is a major physiological disaster that causes the loss of jujube industry, and fruit cracking is mainly caused by rainfall. At present, the mechanism of fruit cracking from the perspective of water physiology is not clear.In this study, Junjube, one of the largest cultivars with cultivated area in China, was selected as the test material, and the soil water content in the field was controlled at 45%±5%, 60%±5% and 80%±5% respectively from the white mature stage to the full red stage by the method of drip irrigation. The results showed that fruit cracking occurred in all stages when soil moisture content was 80%, the content of protein and proline was the best when soil moisture content was 60% in semi-red stage, and the content of proline was the best when soil moisture content was 45% in full red stage.The highest content of vitamin C and total phenol was found in 80% soil moisture at white mature stage. The contents of soluble sugar and starch and the ratio of sugar to acid were higher in 60% soil water content of semi-red stage, and higher in 45% soil water content of full-red stage. It is more suitable to improve the quality of Jujube jujube by controlling the soil water content to 60%±5% during white mature stage and semi-red stage and reducing the soil water content to 45%±5% during full red stage according to the indexes and fruit cracking rate, so as to achieve the effect of saving water and reducing fruit cracking.更多还原