【摘要】 海缆是海缆基础设施供电和通信的关键载体，海缆监测对于保障海缆基础设施安全稳定运行具有重要工程意义。针对海缆扰动监测需求开展海缆扰动探测试验研究。首先，搭建基于分布式光纤传感技术的海缆扰动探测试验系统，并接入南海深海海底观测网试验系统海缆暗光纤进行扰动探测试验，试验结果表明本系统能够有效探测铁锹拍击、车辆振动、海水冲刷及台风影响引起的海缆扰动。然后，根据海缆光纤瑞利背向散射（Rayleigh Backscattering, RBS）幅度信号特征，提出一种基于双向长短期记忆（Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory, BiLSTM）神经网络的海缆扰动定位方法，本方法以海缆光纤RBS幅度信号的谱熵和瞬时频率作为特征参量输入，使用海缆光纤RBS幅度信号样本对本方法进行测试，结果表明本方法对海缆沿线扰动信号和非扰动信号的平均检测准确率高于99.6%。将海缆扰动探测试验系统与海缆扰动定位方法结合应用于海缆监测可有效探测海缆沿线扰动。更多还原

【Abstract】 Submarine cables are key carriers of electrical power and communication signals in submarine cable infrastructure, and the monitoring of such cables is essential to ensure the safety and stable operation of submarine cable infrastructure. In this study, experimental research on the detection of submarine cable disturbances was conducted according to the requirements of submarine cable monitoring. First, a submarine cable disturbance detection experimental system based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology was built and coupled to the dark fiber of the seafloor observation network in the South China Sea. Experiments were performed, and the results indicated that submarine cable disturbances induced by spade beating, vehicles, ocean waves, and typhoons could be detected by the proposed system. Following this, a submarine cable disturbance localization method based on the bidirectional long short-term memory neural network in terms of the submarine cable Rayleigh backscattering(RBS) amplitude signal features was developed, and its input features included the spectral entropy and instantaneous frequency of the submarine cable fiber RBS amplitude signal. These submarine cable fiber RBS amplitude signal samples were used to test the detection accuracy of the proposed method, and the results indicated that the average detection accuracy of disturbance and non-disturbance signals along the submarine cable was >99. 6%. Thus, disturbances along submarine cables can be effectively detected with the combination of the proposed submarine cable disturbance detection experimental system and the proposed disturbance localization method.更多还原