【摘要】 排污权有偿使用制度是排污权交易市场机制得以有效运行的重要基础环节，是优化资源环境要素配置的重要手段。本文从法理和事理角度阐释了排污权有偿使用制度的理论内涵，指出政府主管部门作为排污权环境资源产权的监管主体和市场规划主体，其对排污权环境资源进行有偿配置的行政行为具有正当性。通过对排污权有偿使用制度应用现状的实证探讨，指出目前该制度尚存在政策导向不明、缺乏法律依据或行政授权、部门协调机制不健全等阻碍。为深化排污权有偿使用制度应用，建议国家层面健全规范依据，加快推进政策法规制定，强化地方政府主体责任，加强指导帮扶；地方政府细化实施措施，针对重点行业、重点区域及主要标的物进行分类施策，明确排污权出让金的缴纳标准、资金使用及管理规则等；完善配套制度建设，加强风险预防、严格监管、履行正当程序，增强制度的规范性和可操作性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The compensated use of emission rights system is an important basic link for the effective operation of the emission trading and an important means to optimize the allocation of resources and environmental factors. This paper explains the theoretical connotation of the compensated use of emission rights from legal and practical perspectives. It analyzes that as the manager of environmental capacity resource property rights of emission rights, local governments have the right to compensated transfer initial emission permits to enterprises to exercise their function of planning the emission trading market. Through empirical analysis of the current situation of the compensated use of emission rights,this paper points out that there are still obstacles in this system, such as unclear policy orientation, lack of legal basis or administrative authorization, and incomplete departmental coordination mechanism. In order to deepen the compensated use of emission rights system,this paper recommends that at the national level, the normative basis should improve,accelerate the formulation of policies and regulations, strengthen the main responsibility of local governments, and strengthen guidance and assistance; Local governments should refine the implementation measures, classify and implement policies for key industries, key regions and main objects, and clarify the payment standards, fund use and management rules of the emission rights transfer fee. In the establishment of supporting systems, risk prevention, strict supervision and due process should be strengthened, so as to enhance the standardization and operability of the system.更多还原