【摘要】 引起车辆脱轨的原因主要有车轮的垂直载荷减小和轮轨间的侧向力增大2种。依据对车轮脱轨临界状态的受力分析,建立轮对脱轨的数学模型,推导出横向力作用下脱轨系数的计算公式。以C64K型敞车为例,分析横向力大小与其作用点高度之间的关系,得出车辆在直线和曲线上脱轨的最不利横向力组合。基于最不利横向力组合,为保证车辆运行安全,按照脱轨系数不得超过1.2的标准,分别计算分析C64K型敞车在4种最不利装载工况、3种最不利运行工况下的脱轨系数与重车重心高度的关系。由计算结果可以确定重车重心限制高度为2 207 mm,比现行的重车重心限制高度增加207 mm。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two reasons that cause the derailment of a wagon.One is the decrease of the vertical load,the other is the increase of the lateral force between wheel and rail.Based on the analysis on the forces in the critical situation of wheel derailment,a derailment model is established,on the groundwork of which the author gives the formulae for derailment coefficient under the effect of the lateral forces.Taking C64K open car for example,the relation between lateral forces and the height of acting point is analyzed,and then the most unfavorable lateral forces combinations on straight line and curves can be obtained.Founded on the most unfavorable lateral forces combination,under the precondition of the wagon′s safe running,while derailment coefficient is no more than 1.2,the paper studies the relations between the gravity center height limit of loaded wagon and the derailment coefficient under four different loading conditions and three running conditions.From the results,the final gravity center height limit of loaded wagon is 2 207 mm,which is 207 mm more than the current gravity center height limit.更多还原