【摘要】 电力牵引系统作为高速列车/电力机车的“心脏”，其持续创新是推动列车技术进步的关键。文中针对列车电力牵引系统的拓扑结构、控制技术、状态监测与故障诊断等方面展开综述。概述两电平电力牵引系统拓扑在我国高速列车的应用现状，分析三电平拓扑的优势及碳化硅器件在牵引变流器的应用前景；回顾单相脉冲整流器传统控制方法，总结大功率牵引电机优化控制与全速域多模式调制策略，并探讨新一代模型预测控制技术的发展趋势；梳理牵引变流器关键部件老化与失效机理，总结牵引电机典型故障模式，并分析牵引系统状态监测与故障诊断技术研究现状。最后，对列车牵引系统拓扑、控制与监测关键技术的发展趋势进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the “heart” of high-speed trains/electric locomotives, the continuous innovation of electric traction systems is the key to promoting technological progress in trains. This article provides an overview of the topology,control technology, status monitoring, and fault diagnosis of the electric traction system for trains. The application status of two-level electric traction system topology in high-speed trains in China is summarized, and the advantages of three-level topology and the application prospect of silicon carbide devices in traction converters are discussed. Furthermore, the traditional control methods of single-phase pulse rectifier are reviewed, the optimal control and full-speed multi-mode modulation strategies of high power traction motor are summarized, and the development trend of new generation model predictive control technology is discussed. In addition,the aging and failure mechanism of key components of traction converter is sorted out, the typical failure modes of traction motor are summarized, and the research status of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology of traction system is studied. Finally, the development trends of key technologies for topology, control, and monitoring of train traction systems are discussed.更多还原