【摘要】 运用案例分析方法，研究《民法典》生效之后自甘风险规则适用于体育伤害案件的基本样态和争议性问题，在此基础上提出优化路径。研究表明，一方面，自甘风险规则在司法实践中已获得一体遵行，司法判例对自甘风险规则中的“文体活动”采用“大体育”概念，涵盖了所有体育活动，包括学校体育伤害案件；另一方面，自甘风险规则在加害人主观过错、适用范围、组织者责任、减轻事由、公平责任条款适用等方面存在认识性误区。为此，应对自甘风险规则的适用路径进行优化：在适用上应坚持法教义学立场以确保依法裁判的规范效应，通过案例指导体系和类案检索制度来实现体育自甘风险规则的同案同判，在法律方法上构建适用自甘风险规则的论证模式来进行说理论证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the case analysis method, this paper studies the basic patterns and controversial issues of the application of self-willing risk rules to sports injury cases after the “Civil Code” comes into effect, and proposes an optimization path on this basis. The research shows that, on the one hand, the voluntary risk rule has been complied with in judicial practice, and judicial precedent adopts the concept of “big sports” for the “cultural and sports activities” in the voluntary risk rule, which covers all sports activities, including school sports injury cases. On the other hand, there are misunderstandings in the self-willing risk rule in terms of the subjective fault of the infringer, the scope of application, the responsibility of the organizer, the reasons for mitigation, and the application of the fair liability clause. To this end, the application path of the voluntary risk rule should be optimized: in application, the legal dogmatics position should be adhered to to ensure the normative effect of legal judgment, and the same case of the sports voluntary risk rule should be realized through the case guidance system and the similar case retrieval system. In the same judgment, we construct an argumentation model of the applicable rules and the risk rules to carry out theoretical proofs.更多还原