【摘要】 生物质物流设计与管理是生物质产品转化过程中最为重要的环节之一,为了优化设计物流过程,降低物流成本,该文建立了生物质电站燃料供应系统的物流模型,模拟生物质从不同收购站运至电站的物流过程。通过对广东湛江生物质直燃电站的物流系统进行分析,给定了设备数量的初值。利用该文建立的模型,以车次平均耗时、设备利用率和平均等待时间等参数考察物流状态,应用ExtendSim软件分析了货车、取样台、称质量站和卸载机等的数量变化对系统性能的影响,并进行了敏感性分析。针对不同时节,得到了农闲时成本最低,农忙时收购量最大的优化结果。该模型的建立与仿真可为生物质电站燃料物流系统的优化,保证燃料稳定供应提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With increasing environmental concerns from the use of fossil fuels in China,there has been increasing support by the government for the construction of new biomass powerplants.One of the most important and challenging aspects of bioenergy production is having a cost effective biomass supply chain.This paper investigated the optimization of biomass fuel supply to a newly constructed 100 MW powerplant located in Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province by modeling discrete events using EXTEND TM Sim7 software.A model was developed for biomass supply from 6 regional collection stations to the powerplant.The model was used to simulate the inbound delivery of biomass fuel to the powerplant.Simulation was used to analyze biomass flow beginning with loading at the collection stations to transportation to the plant-gate through sampling station.Testing of the moisture content of delivered biomass to determine whether the biomass needs to be dried was conducted primarily at the sampling station.For biomass which meets the powerplant moisture content requirement,trucks were weighed and the biomass was unloaded at the storage area.For biomass having moisture content above the powerplant requirement,the biomass was unloaded at a staging area where it was conveyed to a drying station to be dried before storage and use.In order to determine the discounted price for biomass dried,the amount of moisture removed during drying was determined by weighing the biomass prior to drying and after drying.Simulation was used to optimize the number of trucks and other events like sampling and unloading station,utilization efficiency of equipment,truck waiting time,and operation time for the system.The baseline logistics scenario was obtained using the initial number of equipment as designed parameter for the powerplant.Sensitivity analysis on how varying the number of equipment to affect the logistic performance was determined with simulation runs.Because of the intensive cultivation of land in China throughout the year,farmers have very little time from crop harvest to land preparation for the next crop.Therefore,powerplants have a very short period after harvest when biomass can be collected from fields for use.This time constraint demands that biomass delivery logistics must be optimized to deliver the maximum total available biomass within this period at minimum logistics cost.For other periods outside the harvest time,logistics was optimized to minimize delivery cost of biomass to the powerplant.The research can provide suggestions for optimizing the logistics of the fuel supply system of a biomass powerplant under China’s unique agricultural situation.更多还原