【摘要】 目的：探讨老年高血压患者自我管理行为的潜在分类，并分析不同类别的影响因素。方法：选取贵州中医药大学第二附属医院2023年6月～2023年8月收治的125例老年高血压患者为研究对象。研究工具包括一般资料、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、疾病自我感受负担量表(SPBS)和高血压患者自我管理行为量表，采取Mplus对老年高血压患者自我管理行为进行潜在剖面分析(LPA),并采用R3step法构建多元Logistic回归模型，进行潜在类别的影响因素分析。结果：125例老年高血压患者自我管理行为分为4个潜在类别，分别是“自我管理能力低水平稳定组”(37%)、“自我管理能力高水平稳定组”(19%)、“自我管理能力中水平稳定组”(34%)及自我管理能力低水平不稳定组(10%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，与“自我管理能力高水平稳定组”比较，自我感受负担(自我管理能力低水平稳定组OR=1.211)是自我管理能力的危险因素；而女性(自我管理能力低水平不稳定组OR=0.364、分类自我管理能力中水平稳定组OR=0.387)、高中或中专[自我管理能力低水平稳定组OR=0.312、大专或本科(自我管理能力低水平稳定组OR=0.024]、非独居状态(分类自我管理能力中水平稳定组OR=0.155)、每天运动量>1 h(自我管理能力低水平稳定组OR=0.075、自我管理能力中水平稳定组OR=0.043)和社会支持(自我管理能力低水平稳定组OR=0.786、自我管理能力低水平不稳定组OR=0.806、自我管理能力中水平稳定组OR=0.810)是保护性因素。结论：老年高血压患者自我管理行为有四种潜在分类和预测因素。老年高血压患者自我管理行为存在异质性，医护人员可根据老年高血压患者自我管理行为类别的影响因素开展针对性的干预措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the potential classification of self-management behaviors in elderly patients with hypertension, and to analyze the influencing factors of different categories.Method The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine selected 125 elderly hypertensive patients from June 2023 to August 2023 as the study subjects. The research tools include general data, social support rating scale, disease self-feeling burden scale and self-management behavior scale of hypertensive patients, potential cross-sectional analysis of self-management behavior of elderly hypertensive patients by Mplus, and multivariate logistic regression model by R3step method to analyze the influencing factors of potential categories.Results The self-management behaviors of 125 elderly patients with hypertension were divided into four potential categories, namely "stable group with low level of self-management ability"(37%), "stable group with high level of self-management ability"(19%), "stable group with intermediate level of self-management ability"(34%), and "low level of unstable self-management ability"(10%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the "stable group with high level of self-management ability", self-feeling burden(OR=1.211 in the stable group with low level of self-management ability) was a risk factor for self-management ability. For women(OR=0.364 in the low-level unstable group with low level of self-management ability, OR=0.387 in the moderately stable group with classified self-management ability), high school or college(OR=0.312 in the stable group with low level of self-management ability, college or undergraduate(OR=0.024 in the stable group with low level of self-management ability), non-solitary state(OR=0.155 in the stable group in the classified self-management ability), daily exercise > 1 h(OR=0.075) and social support(OR=0.786 in the stable group with low self-management ability, OR=0.806 in the low-level unstable group with low self-management ability, OR=0.810 in the stable group with categorical self-management ability) were protective factors.Conclusion This study identified four potential categorical and predictors of self-management behavior in older patients with hypertension. There is heterogeneity in the self-management behavior of elderly hypertensive patients, and medical staff can carry out targeted interventions according to the influencing factors of self-management behavior category of elderly hypertensive patients.更多还原