【摘要】 基于2005—2021年OMI的对流层O₃和NO₂柱浓度数据，采用空间自相关分析、冷热点分析和后向轨迹等方法，对黄河流域O₃和NO₂时空分布和污染来源进行了解析.结果表明：（1）2005—2021年黄河流域对流层O₃柱浓度年均值波动增长，在2010和2019年达到峰值，最大值为41.45 DU;NO₂柱浓度年均值2005—2012年缓慢上升，2013—2021年呈下降趋势.（2）空间分布上，黄河流域O₃柱浓度在山东和内蒙古境内较高，NO₂柱浓度在山东和河南等地较高，两者柱浓度低值区都出现在四川和青海等地；冷热点分析发现呼和浩特市O₃柱浓度和济南市NO₂柱浓度热点区域都有所扩大，其中O₃热点区域主要分布在山东省和内蒙古自治区，占比上升了2.1%;NO₂热点区域主要分布在河南省和山东省，占比上升了2.8%.（3）季节变化上，O₃柱浓度季均值为春季>夏季>秋季>冬季；NO₂柱浓度季均值为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季.（4）由于呼和浩特市O₃浓度较高，因此本研究对呼和浩特市的污染来源进行解析.研究发现气象轨迹长距离传输较多，其中以西北方向的居多.O₃潜在源区主要在蒙古国南部，对其污染贡献水平大，与浓度权重的高值区域保持一致性.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the tropospheric O₃ and NO₂ column concentration data of OMI from 2005 to 2021, spatial autocorrelation analysis, cold hot spot analysis and backward trajectory were used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution and pollution sources of O₃ and NO₂ in the Yellow River Basin. The results show that:（1）The annual mean tropospheric O₃ column concentration in the Yellow River basin fluctuates and increases from 2005 to 2021, peaking in 2010 and 2019 with a maximum value of 41.45 DU; The annual average NO₂ column concentration increases slowly from 2005 to 2012 and shows a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2021.（2）In terms of spatial distribution, O₃ column concentrations in the Yellow River Basin are higher in Shandong and Inner Mongolia, while NO₂ column concentrations are higher in Shandong and Henan, and both column concentrations are lower in Sichuan and Qinghai; The cold hotspot analysis found that the hotspot areas of O₃ column concentration in Hohhot and NO₂ column concentration in Jinan have both expanded, with O₃ hotspot areas mainly located in Shandong Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, accounting for a 2.1%increase; NO₂ hotspots are mainly in Henan Province and Shandong Province, with a 2.8% increase in share.（3）In terms of seasonal variation, the seasonal averages of O₃ column concentrations were spring > summer > autumn > winter; Seasonal means of NO₂ column concentrations are winter >autumn > spring > summer.（4）Because of the high O₃ concentrations in Hohhot, this study analyzes the sources of pollution in Hohhot. The study found a high number of long-distance transmissions of meteorological trajectories, with a predominance of northwest ones. The potential source area for O₃ is mainly in the southern part of Mongolia and contributes to a high level of pollution that is consistent with the high value areas of the concentration weights.更多还原