【摘要】 自20世纪80年代起,全球博物馆面临着一种以传播为优先的"对话的转向"。但目前对这种对话的考察,多从效果角度进行评估,较少从生产角度去检视对话中交换的信息从何而来,如何形成。以上海科技馆的讲解词为案例,通过分析比较其2017版讲解词与早期版本的文本差异,发现在此轮更新中,讲解词的文本形态从"演讲稿"变为了"问题包",呈现主题分众化、叙事分形化的外显特征,催生了精细化的结构和更开放的议程。另一方面,话语的调适和不变的理性传统则是这种改变的内在理路。这种由文本生产而始的变革,不仅彰显了科技馆在公众沟通策略上实行专业化、人本化的调适策略,同时也隐含规定了教育工作者在身份和实践上的转化,推动科普讲解的角色从单向宣教的"知识提词器"走向既提出框架又开放协商的"知识中介人"。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 1980 s, museums around the world have faced a "turn in dialogue" that prioritizes communication. However, this dialogue has been assessed mostly from the perspective of effects, and less from the perspective of production to examine where and how the information exchanged in the dialogue is formed. Taking the explanation words of the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum as a case, by analyzing and comparing the textual differences between the 2017 version of the explanation words and the earlier versions, the author find that in this round of updating, the textual form of the explanation words has changed from "speech draft" to "question pack", showing the external features of thematic demassification and narrative fractalization, giving rise to refined structure and more open agenda. On the other side, the adaptation of discourse and the unchanging tradition of rationality are the internal rationale for this change. This change, initiated by the production of texts, not only highlights the professional and humanistic adaptation strategies of science and technology museums in public communication strategies, but also implicitly stipulates the transformation of educators’ identities and practices. The role of science explanation has changed from a one-way missionary "knowledge teleprompter" to a "knowledge intermediary" which both proposes a framework and is open to negotiation.更多还原