【摘要】 <正> 舞毒蛾(Porthetria dispar L.)是世界有名的森林和果树的大害虫,分布极广,食性很杂。为了避免长期使用化学农药带来的缺点,人们早就探索用昆虫性信息素作为防治手段。经过三十多年的努力,Jacobsobn于1960年从十万只舞毒蛾雌蛾腹部末端的两节提取分离得到12毫克活性物质,命名为Gypol,化学结构为顺—7—十六碳烯—1—羟基—10—醋酸酯,又有其类似物命名为Gyplure,结构式为顺—9—十八碳烯—1—羟基—12—醋酸酯。并于1961年在一个400平方哩的岛上用飞机喷洒Gyplure的液剂和颗粒剂。这些液剂在室内试验时虽有一定的引诱作用,但野外试验未获成更多还原

【Abstract】 In our observations on the disparlure secretion and the attralction effect of porthetria dispar L., it was discovered that the male moths emerged 3 to 5 days earlier than the female ones and the latter released disparlure generally during the period between 9:00 a. m and 5:00 p. m., with the peak of pheromone secretion from 11:00 a. m. to 1: 00 p. m.. The secretion gland of disparlure situated under the intersegmentary membrane between the terminal 2 to 3 segments of abdomen,abdohleu which excreted extra-small quantity of this chemical substance to attract male moths for copulation. Our preliminary observations determined that the effective trapping distance was 100 meters. The antenna of male moths was the sole sensing organ for pheromone, and after its reception of the stimulus of sex pheromone followed a series of behavioral responses, such as erecting the antennae, raising the wings and flying toward the source of smell, which even- tually led to copulation.Biological activation test of the crude extract of natural disparlure and its synthetic equivalent showed that there was an inverse relationship between the trapping efficiency of sex pheromone traps and the moth density. Therefore, in the outbreak of P. dispar L., the pheromone trapping method was not very effective. Satisfactory results were achieved only under conditions of low population density. The technical appraisement by the antennal electropotentiogram method has proved that disparlures artificially synthesized in our country were chemically identical to those produced abroad and their biological activation was same.更多还原