【摘要】 从分子水平上探讨1999~2015年中国大陆流行的风疹病毒动态变异变迁规律。方法依据全国麻疹/风疹实验室网络的风疹病毒学监测数据,对1999~2015年中国流行风疹病毒进行分子进化分析。1999~2015年从全国29个省市(除新疆和西藏外)共获得风疹病毒株1737株,分属于4个基因型(1E,1F,2A和2B基因型):11E基因型风疹病毒自2001年首次分离到之后,替代1F基因型风疹病毒成为2001~2013年中国流行风疹病毒的优势基因型,并从年代上可分为两个进化分支[Cluster A(2004-2015)和Cluster B(2001-2009)],然而自2011年其检出比例逐渐下降,至2015年该比例仅为1.3%;21F基因型风疹病毒在地理上局限于中国,而在2002年之后未再监测到,推测其在中国的传播可能已被阻断;32A基因型风疹病毒株均来自于疫苗相关病例;42000~2015年间中国至少有4个不同的2B基因型风疹病毒传播链(Lineage1-4),2B基因型风疹病毒在2010年之前只有零星的流行,一直处于弱势,但自2011年输入型2B基因型风疹病毒(Lineage 3)的检出构成比逐年增高,并在2014~2015年成为中国流行风疹病毒的主要基因型。通过对中国连续16年风疹病毒变异变迁规律的研究,系统地掌握了其进化和流行规律,同时也为中国风疹控制和将来消除提供了重要的病毒学监测数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 We wished to study the dynamic change in variation of rubella viruses circulating during 1999-2015 in mainland China at the molecular level.Molecular evolution of Chinese rubella viruses collected during 1999~2015 was analyzed according to a surveillance database of measles/rubella laboratory networks in China.A total of 1737 rubella viruses were obtained from 20 of 31provinces(except Xinjiang and Tibet)during 1999~2015.Four genotypes(1E,1F,2A,2B)were detected.The genotype-1E rubella virus was detected first in 2001.Subsequently,genotype 1E became the predominant genotype circulating during 2001~2013,and could be divided into two closely related clusters(A(2004~2015)and B(2001~2009)).However,the detection rate of the genotype-1Erubella virus decreased year-by-year from 2011,and reached the lowest level(1.3%)in 2015.The genotype-1Frubella virus was restricted geographically to China,and no longer found after 2002;presumably its circulation in China was interrupted.All genotype-2A rubella viruses were derived from vaccine-related cases.At least four genotypes of 2Brubella viruses(lineage 1~4)circulated in mainland China during 2000~2015.The genotype-2Brubella virus was detected sporadically and was in a weak position until 2010.However,the detection rate of imported genotype-2B rubella viruses(lineage 3) was increased and became the predominant genotype during 2014~2015.Through the study of 16 consecutive years in mainland China,the evolution and epidemic situation of the rubella virus was obtained to aid virology surveillance for rubella control in China.更多还原