【作者】 曹希；

【导师】 乔洪武；

【作者基本信息】 武汉大学 ， 经济思想史， 2014， 博士

【摘要】 近年来,中国在经济发展的过程中,贫富差距扩大、失业率升高、就学难、就医难、环境问题、区域经济发展不协调、人口老龄化等等与伦理相关的问题频发。2011年3月,政府发布了第十二个五年规划,将上述问题的解决作为中国政府经济发展战略提上日程。由此可见,经济伦理问题再次受到重视,对于处于经济转型期的中国,如何平衡经济与伦理的关系更是刻不容缓。从地理位置来看,中日两国同属于东亚文化圈国家；从经济发展历程来看,中日两国都经历了抑商、轻商、重商的过程；从现代经济发展模式来看,中日两国同属于后发型现代化国家；从现代化指导思想来看,中国洋务运动倡导的“中体西用”和日本明治维新前后提出的“和魂洋才”极其相似；而至现代,中日两国分别以高新科学技术和低廉的劳动力成本推动了本国产品的大量出口,造成了国际收支的大额顺差,两国经济得到了高速发展。日本经济即使在20世纪90年代泡沫经济破灭后进入低迷期,却仍保持着一定的增长趋势。由于中日两国在经济发展过程中的相似性和时滞性,分析近20年日本经济伦理思想,总结和归纳日本经济伦理思想的经验和教训,对促进我国经济发展具有借鉴意义。本文首先简要梳理了国内外关于日本经济伦理思想的研究概况,回顾了二战后日本经济伦理思想的发展历程,考察了近20年日本经济伦理思想产生的历史背景、思想渊源和理论基础,梳理了日本自由至上主义、平等主义和马克思主义经济伦理思想的发展和现状,重点介绍和探讨了日本自由至上主义代表森村进、桥本祜子,平等主义代表竹内章郎、立岩真也和马克思主义代表松井晓、今村仁司的经济伦理思想,为本文进一步考察近20年日本经济伦理思想的特点及其成因提供充足的材料。仅仅是介绍各学派的经济伦理思想,显然无法充分体现日本各学派经济伦理思想的特点。本文力求通过学派间的纵向和与欧美国家的横向比较,赋予日本经济伦理思想研究多方位、多角度的研究视野。文章总结了近20年日本经济伦理思想关注的“自我所有”的正义、交换的正义和分配的正义三个焦点问题,多角度分析得出日本经济伦理在论证方法、思想内容以及观点多元化的特点和局限性,并从经济现状、传统习惯和文化根源三个方面分析了其局限性的形成原因。最后,结合我国现阶段的国情可以发现,日本的经济伦理思想对我国社会经济的发展有重要的启示意义：第一,社会经济发展应注重经济伦理的巨大作用；第二,正义观的树立应符合具体国情；第三,完善社会保障制度的建立,保障公民的基本权益与福利；第四,机会平等的实现在于能力平等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, in the process of China’s economic development, various ethic problems concerned frequently arise, such as the widening wealth discrepancy, rising unemployment, difficulties in children’s entering schools and in medical care, environmental problems, the uncoordinated regional economic development, the ageing populations, etc. In March,2011, the Twelfth Five-Year Plan has been issued by the Central Government where the solutions of the above-mentioned issues would be put on the agenda. That is to say, attention would again be attached to problems related to economic ethics, and the balance of economy and ethics is of great urgency to China during its stage of economic transition.Geographically, China and Japan are located in the East Asian cultural circle. From the perspective of economic development process, both of them have undergone the phases of restraining commerce, undervaluing commerce and valuing commerce. Viewed from the modern economic development mode, both China and Japan fall into the category of post-modernization countries. According to modernization guidelines, Chinese Westernization Movement advocated "Chinese Ideology and Western Technology", resembling greatly "Japanese Spirit and Western Civilization" put forward by its Japanese counterpart around Meiji Restoration. In the modern time, high technology and cheap labor costs had promoted the large quantities of exports of domestic products in the two countries, where large balance of payments surplus had been created and the two economies had undergone rapid development. Downturn has been brought about by the bursting of the bubble economy in the1990s, however, Japanese economy has still maintained its growth trend. Since the two countries hold something in common and the similar time lag in their economic development, it is of profound significance to analyze the economic thought and related ethics in Japan during the last twenty years, summarizing the experience and lessons within so as to boost the economic development in China.A brief research survey of the Japanese economic thought and related ethics home and abroad has been provided firstly in the dissertation where a historic view of its development after WWIⅡ has been conducted, studying the historical background, ideological origins and theoretical basis of the emergence of Japan’s economic thought and related ethics in the past twenty years and analyzing the development and current conditions of Japanese economic ethics of libertarianism, egalitarianism and Marxism. Viewpoints of thought of economic ethics have been studied and highlighted of Susumu Morimura and Yuko Hashimoto, the representatives of libertarianism, Akiro Takeuchi and Shinya Tateiwa, the leading scholars of egalitarianism, and Akira Matsui and Hitoshi Imamura, the representative Marxism scholars, which serves as sufficient foundation for the further investigation of the characteristics and the reasons of Japan’s economic thought and related ethics in the past twenty years.An introduction of thought of economic ethics of several schools may fail to reflect the features of that of every school in Japan. Therefore, the dissertation attempts to provide a multi-faceted perspective with multiple angles by means of a synchronic comparison of various schools in Japan and a diachronic contrast of that with western countries. It sums up the righteousness of "self-ownership", exchange, and allocation, the three focuses, coming to the theoretical values and practical significance of the Japanese thought of economic ethics with multi-angled analysis, further generalizing the features and limitations of Japan’s economic ethic thought in the aspects of demonstration methods, ideological content and diversified viewpoints, and explaining the reasons of its limits from the current economic conditions, traditions and cultural roots.Last but not least, combined with the current condition of China, it can be found that the Japanese thought of economic ethics is of enlightening significance to the development of social economy in China. That is to say, the enormous influence of economic ethics cannot be neglected with the social development. Furthermore, the establishment of righteousness should conform to the current condition of China. Moreover, a complete social security system should be established to safeguard the basic rights and well being of citizens. Finally, the prospect of equal opportunity depends on equal capability.更多还原