【作者】 郝华勇；

【导师】 曾菊新；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2015， 博士

【摘要】 城镇化是世界经济社会发展的普遍趋势,城镇化的过程不仅表现在城镇数量的增长、城镇规模的扩大、城镇人口比例的提升,更是一个资源要素在城乡地域间优化配置的过程,在这个过程中涉及经济、社会、生态、空间等方面的系统演化。新世纪以来,我国城镇化进程快速推进,但城镇化发展方式粗放、城市病凸显、半城镇化现象等问题制约着城镇化正效应的释放,城镇化质量日益成为切入点来研究城镇化发展方式问题。中国经济发展已步入“新常态”阶段,在中高速增长和中高端水平的双重目标引领下,提升城镇化质量既具备结构优化的经济背景、也契合追求发展质量效益的目标要求。湖北作为中部崛起战略支点,面临国家优化经济发展空间格局、推进长江经济带建设的有利机遇,立足区域发展基础、推进城镇化质量提升具有紧迫的现实意义和示范效应。全文以“城镇化质量界定——城镇化质量实证评估——城镇化质量制约因素——城镇化质量提升路径”为研究思路,运用区域经济学、产业经济学、生态经济学等学科理论与方法,界定了城镇化质量的内涵、分析框架、价值取向,以湖北省域单元为例证,在实证评价基础上归纳湖北城镇化质量的制约因素,针对存在问题提出了提升湖北城镇化质量的具体路径。论文的通篇内容分为6章,其中：第1章为导论。分析了论文的选题背景和研究现状。认为研究城镇化既要关注城镇人口的规模增加和比例提高,还要强化对城镇化涉及的经济、社会、生态等各方面质量的考察,避免盲目追求城镇化速度和数量带来的负面影响。国外对城镇化的微观研究难以应对我国城镇化宏大的规模、空前的差异和复杂的动因,国内对城镇化质量的研究存在分析框架模糊、研究视角泛化、机制归纳匮乏等不足。第2章为城镇化质量内涵与研究范畴的理论分析。从发展理念、空间形态、资源环境、统筹兼顾、目标导向五个方面解读了新型城镇化道路的质量诉求。界定了城镇化质量的内涵与分析框架,即：产业支撑是动力、城镇体系是载体、公共服务是保障、生态环境是基底、城乡统筹是腹地、文化特色是品位。梳理了城镇化质量的价值取向：以生态文明为基底、以“四化同步”为过程,以实现人的全面发展为目标。第3章为城镇化质量实证评估。分别构建省域、市域、县域城镇化质量评价体系做实证评估。对湖北省域城镇化质量演进态势做评价后,又将湖北纳入全国省域单元做比较分析,并对全国31个省域单元的城镇化质量、城镇化数量、城镇化质量与数量的偏差做实证比较。横向对比之后,又将湖北城镇化质量作区域分解研究,从省内市域、县域两个层面探讨了不同尺度区域城镇化质量的差异及空间格局,提出差异化的提升对策。第4章为城镇化质量制约因素分析。依据城镇化质量分析框架及实证研究结论,可将湖北城镇化质量的制约因素总结为：产业结构升级缓慢,重型化的工业结构带来的就业效应不显著,从动态趋势看,湖北产业结构演化对城镇化提高的影响作用趋势在减速增长。城镇等级体系的首位分布特征明显,运用分形维数考察湖北城镇体系的演化,表明湖北城镇体系的规模结构比较松散,首位城市垄断性强,且自2004年以来这种垄断趋势并未减弱；城市间存在产业同构,武汉市高端产业优势不突出；城镇空间组织方面,省域主中心武汉市的人口、经济集聚效应明显,省域副中心及其他城市集聚效应偏弱,县域城镇化对全省城镇化进程贡献较小。湖北在公共服务供给上仍显不够,不能够满足快速城镇化人口对公共设施和服务的需求。城乡收入差距略小于全国,但城乡居民收入水平均低于全国水平。湖北自然生态本底条件优越,湖泊众多、森林覆盖率高于全国水平,但经济增长对能源消耗的依赖程度较高,高能耗的产业结构与低赋存的能源储量形成矛盾。湖北历史底蕴深厚,但依托文化资源实现的旅游业发展仍显不够,城镇个性及文化彰显仍需加强。第5章为解决对策。基于城镇化质量分析框架和湖北的现状短板,提升湖北城镇化质量的具体路径包括：强化产业支撑,产城一体发展,构建符合省情优势的现代产业体系,大力发展农产品加工业和现代服务业,促进结构升级并扩大就业效应。优化城镇体系结构,数量比例要协调,形成一主两副多极带动；职能分工要差异,形成互补发展格局。完善公共服务需要政府担负起职责,发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,政府则要在公共服务提供上发挥决定性作用,强化财政的民生投向,弥补公共服务短板；将外来人口,即农民工群体逐步覆盖,促进农业转移人口市民化。建设生态文明,在发展起点上落实主体功能区规划,界定城市的扩张边界,形成生产空间集约高效、生活空间宜居适度、生态空间山清水秀的开发格局；通过产业结构生态化、空间结构集约化、基础设施绿色化、生活方式低碳化、生态产品价值化等环节,落实生态文明融入城镇化全过程。发展结果上,强化绿色考核,将“绿色GDP”、“生态文明型城镇化”等绿色绩效纳入考核。城乡一体化发展上把握着力点,发展现代农业、优化农村发展环境、培养新型农民；促进工业向园区集中、农民向新型社区集中、士地向规模经营集中；壮大县域经济。文化传承上,注重突出地域、历史和文化特色,凸显武汉、襄阳、荆州等历史文化名城的独特风貌,保护历史文化名村名镇的原真性与完整性,彰显荆楚文化魅力。第6章为论文的结论与研究展望。总结归纳了论文的主要研究结论和可能的创新点,并指出了在论文研究过程中存在的不足,提出了今后进行完善和提升的重点与方向。论文的创新点可以归纳为：阐述了城镇化质量的内涵,建立城镇化质量的分析框架,并以湖北省为研究对象,依据城镇化质量分析框架,系统剖析了省域城镇化质量的现状并提出相应的对策。在提升城镇化质量的路径中,构建了生态文明融入城镇化全过程的发展模式,具有一定的创新性,为其他区域同步推进新型城镇化进程与生态文明建设提供了参考借鉴。综观全文,认为城镇化质量是既涉及理论问题又实践性很强的一个命题。区域城镇化质量研究需要持续关注其动态,做系统化研究。今后应突出城市群作为城镇化主体形态的区域研究,在研究深度、数据来源、案例借鉴等方面进一步深化和拓展,这也是后续研究的着力点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Urbanization is the general trend of world economic and social development, the process of urbanization is not only reflected in the increase of the number of the town, the expansion of towns, the increase of the proportion of urban population, but also a resource elements in the process of optimal allocation between urban and rural areas, in the process involves economic, social and ecological system evolution, space, etc. In the new century, China’s urbanization speed is fast, but the urbanization development pattern, city highlights, half urbanization phenomenon problems restrict the effect of urbanization, urbanization quality problem has become a breakthrough point to study the urbanization development way. China’s economic development has entered the "new normal" stage, in the rapid growth and high levels of dual goal guidance, promote urbanization quality both have the structure optimization of the economic background, and agree with the pursuit of quality benefit the development of goals and objectives. Hubei as the growth pole of central China, facing national optimizing the spatial pattern of economic development opportunity, the promotion of the construction of the Yangtze river economic belt, based on regional development, promoting urbanization quality improvement has urgent practical significance and demonstration effect.Full text follows research idea as "quality definition of urbanization, urbanization quality of empirical analysis, experience learning, quality improvement of urbanization path", using regional economics, industry economics, ecological economics and other disciplines theory and method, summarizes the urbanization quality’s connotation, analysis framework, evolution mechanism.Research hubei province as an example, using analysis framework study on regional urbanization quality.Full text research content includes six chapters:Chapter 1 is introduction. Focus on analysis background and research status. abroad study usually on the microscopic,which is difficult to deal with our country urbanization abroad grand scale, the difference of unprecedented and complex agent. the domestic research on the urbanization quality is fuzzy analysis framework, the lack of mechanism of induction, etc.Chapter 2 is the theoretical analysis of urbanization quality connotation and evolution mechanism. New style urbanization path includes five aspects:development idea, space form, resources and environment, overall consideration, goal-directed.Defines the connotation of urbanization quality and analysis framework, the industry is dynamic, urban system is the carrier, public service is the guarantee, ecological environment is the base, urban and rural areas as a whole is hinterland, culture is a grade. argues the evolution mechanism of urbanization quality, ecological civilization as the base, with synchronization "four modernizations" as the process, in order to realize man’s all-round development as the goal.Chapter 3 is the empirical assessment of urbanization quality. Study on provincial, city, county different scales regions, analysis urbanization quality, urbanization quantity, the deviation between quality and quantity. Based on the empirical assessment, author proposes countermeasures to enhance urbanization quality.Chapter 4 analyzes the constraints of urbanization quality. According to urbanization analysis framework, the Hubei urbanization quality constraints are:industrial structure upgrading slow, heavy industrial caused no significant employment effects. Distribution of the first significant urban hierarchy, using fractal dimension study the evolution of the Hubei urban system, indicating the size of the structure of Hubei urban system is relatively loose, the first city monopoly strong, and since 2004 the trend has not diminished this monopoly; city isomorphism exists between industry, Wuhan high-level industrial advantage is not prominent; the main population center in Wuhan provincial economic agglomeration effects are obvious, vice centers and other urban agglomeration effect is weak, the whole county urbanization to provincial contribution is small. Hubei in the supply of public services remained inadequate, can not meet the rapid urbanization of the population demand. Slightly gap between urban and rural areas, but urban and rural income levels were below the national level. Hubei natural ecological conditions favorable background, numerous lakes, the forest coverage rate is higher than the national average, but higher economic growth depends on energy consumption. Hubei has a profound historical heritage, but the development of cultural tourism resources remained insufficient, the urban personality and cultural highlights need to be strengthened.Chapter 5 is the countermeasures for urbanization quality. Based on quality analysis framework of urbanization and the status quo of hubei, countermeasures include:to strengthen the industry support, city integrated development, building a modern industrial system in conformity with the situation advantages, vigorously develop agricultural product processing industry and modern service industry, promote the structure upgrade and expand employment effect. Optimize the structure of urban system, quantity proportion wants to coordinate; the division of functions to difference. Perfect public service need shoulder the responsibility, government plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, the government should play a decisive role in the public services, strengthen the finance of the people’s livelihood into, make up the short of public service; migrant workers gradually covered, promoting agricultural transfer of population urbanization. The construction of ecological civilization, in the development of starting point to carry out the major function area planning, define the expansion of the city boundary, intensive and efficient production space, living space is moderately livable and ecological space sustainable development; the implementation of ecological civilization in the urbanization process. Development results, to strengthen the assessment of the green, put the "green GDP" and "ecological civilization model of urbanization" into government performance examination. Grasp the focus on the integration of urban and rural development, development of modern agriculture, optimize the environment of rural development, cultivating new farmers. On the cultural inheritance, pay attention to highlight the geographical, historical and cultural characteristics, highlight the historical and cultural cities like wuhan, xiangyang, jingzhou’s unique style, the famous historical and cultural town of villagers to protect the original genuine and integrity, show the charm of "jing chu" culture.Chapter 6 is conclusion and prospect for research. Summarizing the full text of the main research conclusion and the main innovation point, and The shortage of the article, put forward the continuous research emphasis in the future.The innovation point of text can be summarized as follows:to interpret the connotation of urbanization quality, set up the analysis frame of urbanization quality, and in hubei province as the research object, on the basis of urbanization quality analysis framework, system analyzes the present situation of provincial urbanization quality and put forward corresponding countermeasures. In improving the quality of urbanization path, build an ecological civilization in the whole process of urbanization development patterns, for other area synchronized advancement new urbanization process and ecological civilization construction provides the reference.Throughout the full text, pointed out that urbanization quality is involved in both theoretical and practical. Regional urbanization quality research needs to stay focused on the dynamic, systematic study. Should highlight the area of urban agglomeration as the main form of urbanization in the future study, in the depth of the study, data source, the respect such as case reference to further deepen and expand, it is also a key points in follow-up studies.更多还原